Heterocyclic arylsulphones suitable for treating disorders that respond to modulation of the serotonin 5HT6 receptor

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to compounds of the formula (I) wherein the variables have meanings given in the claims and the description. The invention also relates to the use of a compound of the formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof for preparing a medicament for the treatment of a medical disorder susceptible to the treatment with a 5HT 6  receptor ligand.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

This application is a 371 national stage filing based upon International PCT Application No. PCT/EP2007/053807, with an international filing date of Apr. 18, 2007, which claims the benefit of priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/793,139, filed Apr. 19, 2006, where International PCT Application No. PCT/EP2007/053807 is fully incorporated herein by reference as though fully set forth herein.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to novel heterocyclic compounds. The compounds possess valuable therapeutic properties and are suitable, in particular, for treating diseases that respond to modulation of the serotonine 5-HT₆ receptor.

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5HT), a monoamine neurotransmitter and local hormone, is formed by the hydroxylation and decarboxylation of tryptophan. The greatest concentration is found in the enterochromaffin cells of the gastrointestinal tract, the remainder being predominantly present in platelets and in the Central Nervous System (CNS). 5HT is implicated in a vast array of physiological and pathophysiological pathways. In the periphery, it contracts a number of smooth muscles and induces endothelium-dependent vasodilation. In the CNS, it is believed to be involved in a wide range of functions, including the control of appetite, mood, anxiety, hallucinations, sleep, vomiting and pain perception.

Neurons that secrete 5HT are termed serotonergic. The function of 5HT is exerted upon ist interaction with specific (serotonergic) neurons. Until now, seven types of 5HT receptors have been identified: 5HT₁ (with subtypes 5HT_(1A), 5HT_(1B), 5HT_(1D), 5HT_(1E) and 5HT_(1F)), 5HT₂ (with subtypes 5HT_(2A), 5HT_(2B) and 5HT_(1C)), 5HT₃, 5HT₄, 5HT₅ (with subtypes 5HT_(1A) and 5HT_(1B)), 5HT₆ and 5HT₇). Most of these receptors are coupled to G-proteins that affect the activities of either adenylate cyclase or phospholipase Cγ.

The human 5HT₆ receptors are positively coupled to adenylyl cyclase. They are distributed throughout the limbic, striatal and cortical regions of the brain and show a high affinity to antipsychotics.

The modulation of the 5HT₆ receptor by suitable substances is expected to improve certain disorders including cognitive dysfunctions, such as a deficit in memory, cognition and learning, in particular associated with Alzheimer's disease, age-related cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment, attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity syndrome, personality disorders, such as schizophrenia, in particular cognitive deficits related with schizophrenia, affective disorders such as depression, anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders, motion or motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy, migraine, sleep disorders (including disturbances of the Circadian rhythm), feeding disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia, certain gastrointestinal disorders such as Irritable Bowl Syndrome, diseases associated with neurodegeneration, such as stroke, spinal or head trauma and head injuries, such as hydrocephalus, drug addiction and obesity.

Another neurotransmitter with implications on the CNS is dopamine. Disorders in the dopaminergic transmitter system result in diseases of the central nervous system which include, for example, schizophrenia, depression and Parkinson's disease. These diseases, and others, are treated with drugs which interact with the dopamine receptors.

The dopamine receptors are divided into two families. On the one hand, there is the D₂ group, consisting of D₂, D₃ and D₄ receptors, and, on the other hand, the D₁ group, consisting of D₁ and D₅ receptors. Whereas D₁ and D₂ receptors are widely distributed, D₃ receptors appear to be expressed regioselectively. Thus, these receptors are preferentially to be found in the limbic system and the projection regions of the mesolimbic dopamine system, especially in the nucleus accumbens, but also in other regions, such as the amygdala. Because of this comparatively regioselective expression, D₃ receptors are regarded as being a target having few side-effects and it is assumed that while a selective D₃ ligand would have the properties of known antipsychotics, it would not have their dopamine D₂ receptor-mediated neurological side-effects (P. Sokoloff et al., Localization and Function of the D₃ Dopamine Receptor, Arzneim. Forsch./Drug Res. 42(1), 224 (1992); P. Sokoloff et al. Molecular Cloning and Characterization of a Novel Dopamine Receptor (D₃) as a Target for Neuroleptics, Nature, 347, 146 (1990)).

Compounds having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor have been described in the prior art on various occasions, e.g. in WO 95/04713, WO 96/23760, WO 97/45503, WO 99/58499 and in the unpublished international patent application PCT/EP 2005/011106.

Compounds having an affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor have also been described in the prior art, e.g. in WO 2005/037830, WO 2005/026125, WO 00/05225 and WO 98/27081. However, their affinity and selectivity towards the 5HT₆ receptor or their pharmacological profile is not yet satisfactory.

It is an object of the present invention to provide compounds which have a high affinity and selectivity for the 5HT₆ receptor and optionally a high affinity and selectivity (in particular versus D₂) for the dopamine D₃ receptor, thus allowing the treatment of disorders related to or affected by the 5HT₆ receptor. Compounds having an affinity for both receptors are expected to be suitable for treating disorders related to or affected by both the 5HT₆ receptor and the D₃ receptor, thus allowing the treatment of more than one aspect of the respective disorder.

The compounds should also have good pharmacological profile, e.g. a good brain plasma ratio, a good bioavailability, good metabolic stability, or a decreased inhibition of the mitochondrial respiration.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The invention is based on the object of providing compounds which act as 5HT₆ receptor ligands. This object is surprisingly achieved by means of compounds of the formula I

wherein

-   n is 0, 1 or 2; -   G is CH₂ or CHR³; -   R¹ is H, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl substituted by C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl,     C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl,     fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated     C₃-C₆-alkenyl, formyl, acetyl, propionyl or benzyl; -   R², R³ and R⁴ are, independently of each other, H, methyl,     fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; -   A is 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene, which is optionally substituted     by one, two, three or four substituents selected from halogen,     C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated     C₁-C₄-alkoxy; -   E is NR⁵ or CH₂, wherein R⁵ is H or C₁-C₃-alkyl; -   Ar is a radical of the formula A, B, C, D, E, F or G

wherein

-   R^(a) is halogen, hydroxyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl,     C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl,     fluorinated C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated     C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, pyridylsulfonyl, benzyloxy,     phenoxy, phenyl, where the phenyl and the pyridyl radical in the 5     last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3     substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and     halogen, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷,     NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of     each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy     or may form, together with N, a 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated or     unsaturated ring, R⁹—CO—NR⁶—C₁-C₆-alkylene, where R⁶ is as defined     above and R⁹ is C₁-C₄-alkyl or phenyl, where the phenyl radical may     be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from     C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, CH₂-pyridyl, where     the pyridyl radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3     substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and     halogen, or is a saturated or unsaturated aromatic or non-aromatic     3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2,     3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3     heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is H,     C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or     fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, SO, SO₂ and CO, and where the     heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from     hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl,     C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylthio, NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, where R⁶ and R⁷ are as     defined above, carboxyl and C₁-C₄-alkyoxycarbonyl; -   R^(b) and R^(c), independently of each other, are H, halogen, CH₃,     OCH₃, CH₂F, OCH₂F, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃, OCF₃, CH₂CH₂F, OCH₂CH₂F,     CH₂CHF₂, OCH₂CHF₂, CH₂CF₃ or OCH₂CF₃; -   R^(d) is defined like R^(a); -   R^(e) is H or is defined like R^(a); -   R^(f) is defined like R^(a); -   k is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and -   j is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;     with the proviso that R^(a) is not F, CH₂F, CHF₂, CF₃ or OCF₃ if A     is 1,4-phenylene, Ar is a radical of the formula (A) and R^(b) and     R^(c) are H or halogen;     except compounds, where R¹ is propyl, G is CH₂, n is 1, A is     1,4-phenylene, E is NH, Ar is a radical of formula (F) and R^(d) is     halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl or a 5-membered heteroaromatic     ring;     and physiologically tolerated acid addition salts thereof.

The present invention therefore relates to compounds of the general formula I and to their physiologically tolerated acid addition salts.

In a specific embodiment of compounds I, Ar is a radical of the formula (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E), where the substituents have the following meanings:

-   R^(a) is halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl,     C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl,     fluorinated C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated     C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, where the     phenyl radical in the 3 last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted     or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷,     NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of     each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy     or may form, together with N, a 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated or     unsaturated ring, or is a saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered     heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2, 3 or 4     heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3     heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is H,     C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or     fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, SO, SO₂ and CO, and where the     heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from     hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl and     C₁-C₆-alkoxy; and -   R^(b) and R^(c), independently of each other, are H, halogen, CH₃,     OCH₃, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃ or OCF₃;     with the proviso that R^(a) is not F, CH₂F, CHF₂, CF₃ or OCF₃ if A     is 1,4-phenylene and R^(b) and R^(c) are H or halogen;     and physiologically tolerated acid addition salts thereof.

The present invention also relates to a pharmaceutical composition which comprises at least one compound of the formula I and/or at least one physiologically tolerated acid addition salt of I, where appropriate together with physiologically acceptable carriers and/or auxiliary substances.

The present invention also relates to a method for treating disorders which respond to influencing by 5HT₆ receptor antagonists or 5HT₆ agonists, said method comprising administering an effective amount of at least one compound of the formula I

wherein

-   n is 0, 1 or 2; -   G is CH₂ or CHR³; -   R¹ is H, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl substituted by C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl,     C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl,     fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated     C₃-C₆-alkenyl, formyl, acetyl, propionyl or benzyl; -   R², R³ and R⁴ are, independently of each other, H, methyl,     fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; -   A is 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene, which is optionally substituted     by one, two, three or four substituents selected from halogen,     C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated     C₁-C₄-alkoxy; -   E is NR⁵ or CH₂, wherein R⁵ is H or C₁-C₃-alkyl; -   Ar is a radical of the formula A, B, C, D, E, F or G

wherein

-   R^(a) is halogen, hydroxy, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl,     C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl,     fluorinated C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated     C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, pyridylsulfonyl, benzyloxy,     phenoxy, phenyl, where the phenyl and the pyridyl radical in the 5     last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3     substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and     halogen, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷,     NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of     each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy     or may form, together with N, a 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated or     unsaturated ring, R⁹—CO—NR⁶—C₁-C₆-alkylene, where R⁶ is as defined     above and R⁹ is C₁-C₄-alkyl or phenyl, where the phenyl radical may     be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from     C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, CH₂-pyridyl, where     the pyridyl radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3     substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and     halogen, or is a saturated or unsaturated aromatic or non-aromatic     3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2,     3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3     heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is H,     C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or     fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, SO, SO₂ and CO, and where the     heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from     hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl,     C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylthio, NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, where R⁶ and R⁷ are as     defined above, carboxyl and C₁-C₄-alkyoxycarbonyl; -   R^(b) and R^(c), independently of each other, are H, halogen, CH₃,     OCH₃, CH₂F, OCH₂F, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃, OCF₃, CH₂CH₂F, OCH₂CH₂F,     CH₂CHF₂, OCH₂CHF₂, CH₂CF₃ or OCH₂CF₃; -   R^(d) is defined like R^(a); -   R^(e) is H or is defined like R^(a); -   R^(f) is defined like R^(a); -   k is 0, 1, 2 or 3; and -   j is 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4;     and/or at least one physiologically tolerated acid addition salt of     I to a subject in need thereof.

The present invention further relates to the use of a compound as defined for the above method and/or physiologically tolerated acid addition salts thereof, for preparing a pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of a medical disorder susceptible to treatment with a 5-HT₆ receptor ligand.

In a specific embodiment, the compound used according to the invention or in the method of the invention is as defined above, however with the above provisos.

In a specific embodiment of the use and the method of the invention, in compounds I, Ar is a radical of the formula (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E), where the substituents have the following meanings:

-   R¹ is H, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl substituted by C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl,     C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl,     fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated     C₃-C₆-alkenyl, formyl, acetyl or propionyl; -   R^(a) is halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl,     C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl,     fluorinated C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated     C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy,     C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated     C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, where the     phenyl radical in the 3 last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted     or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino,     fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷,     NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of     each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy     or may form, together with N, a 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated or     unsaturated ring, or is a saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered     heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2, 3 or 4     heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3     heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is H,     C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or     fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, SO, SO₂ and CO, and where the     heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from     hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl and     C₁-C₆-alkoxy; and -   R^(b) and R^(c), independently of each other, are H, halogen, CH₃,     OCH₃, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃ or OCF₃;     with the proviso that R^(a) is not F, CH₂F, CHF₂, CF₃ or OCF₃ if A     is 1,4-phenylene and R^(b) and R^(c) are H or halogen.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The remarks made in the following with respect to preferred aspects of the invention, e.g. to preferred meanings of the variables of compound I, to preferred compounds I and to preferred embodiments of the method or the use according to the invention, apply in each case on their own or to combinations thereof.

The diseases which respond to the influence of 5HT₆ receptor antagonists or agonists include, in particular, disorders and diseases of the central nervous system, in particular cognitive dysfunctions, such as a deficit in memory, cognition and learning, in particular associated with Alzheimer's disease, age-related cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment, attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity syndrome, personality disorders, such as schizophrenia, in particular cognitive deficits related with schizophrenia, affective disorders such as depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders, motion or motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy, migraine, sleep disorders (including disturbances of the Circadian rhythm), feeding disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia, certain gastrointestinal disorders such as Irritable Bowl Syndrome, diseases associated with neurodegeneration, such as stroke, spinal or head trauma and head injuries, such as hydrocephalus, drug addiction and obesity.

According to the invention, at least one compound of the general formula I having the meanings mentioned at the outset is used for treating the above mentioned indications. Provided the compounds of the formula I of a given constitution may exist in different spatial arrangements, for example if they possess one or more centers of asymmetry, polysubstituted rings or double bonds, or as different tautomers, it is also possible to use enantiomeric mixtures, in particular racemates, diastereomeric mixtures and tautomeric mixtures, preferably, however, the respective essentially pure enantiomers, diastereomers and tautomers of the compounds of formula I and/or of their salts.

Particularly, the carbon atom of the nitrogen-containing ring carrying the group A may have (S) or (R) configuration. However, the (S) configuration is preferred.

Moreover, the radical A may be in a cis or trans position to either of the substituents R², R³ or R⁴ (if at least one of those is not hydrogen). However, the trans position is preferred.

It is likewise possible to use physiologically tolerated salts of the compounds of the formula I, especially acid addition salts with physiologically tolerated acids. Examples of suitable physiologically tolerated organic and inorganic acids are hydrochloric acid, hydrobromic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonic acids, such as methanesulfonic acid, aromatic sulfonic acids, such as benzenesulfonic acid and toluenesulfonic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, lactic acid, tartaric acid, adipic acid and benzoic acid. Other utilizable acids are described in Fortschritte der Arzneimittelforschung [Advances in drug research], Volume 10, pages 224 ff., Birkhäuser Verlag, Basel and Stuttgart, 1966.

The organic moieties mentioned in the above definitions of the variables are—like the term halogen—collective terms for individual listings of the individual group members. The prefix C_(n)-C_(m) indicates in each case the possible number of carbon atoms in the group.

The term halogen denotes in each case fluorine, bromine, chlorine or iodine, in particular fluorine, chlorine or bromine.

C₁-C₄ Alkyl is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of an alkyl group are methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, n-butyl, 2-butyl, iso-butyl or tert-butyl. C₁-C₂ Alkyl is methyl or ethyl, C₁-C₃ alkyl is additionally n-propyl or isopropyl.

C₁-C₆ Alkyl is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples include C₁-C₄ alkyl as mentioned above and also pentyl, 1-methylbutyl, 2-methylbutyl, 3-methylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-ethylpropyl, hexyl, 1,1-dimethylpropyl, 1,2-dimethylpropyl, 1-methylpentyl, 2-methylpentyl, 3-methylpentyl, 4-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1,3-dimethylbutyl, 2,2-dimethylbutyl, 2,3-dimethylbutyl, 3,3-dimethylbutyl, 1-ethylbutyl, 2-ethylbutyl, 1,1,2-trimethylpropyl, 1,2,2-trimethylpropyl, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropyl and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropyl.

Fluorinated C₁-C₆ alkyl is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₄ alkyl), in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₃ alkyl), wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atom such as in fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, (R)-1-fluoroethyl, (S)-1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, (R)-1-fluoropropyl, (S)-1-fluoropropyl, 2-fluoropropyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 1,1-difluoropropyl, 2,2-difluoropropyl, 3,3-difluoropropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, (R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl, (S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl, (R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl, (S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl, (R)-1,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl, (S)-1,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl, (R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl, (S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl, 2-fluoro-1-(fluoromethyl)ethyl, 1-(difluoromethyl)-2,2-difluoroethyl, 1-(trifluoromethyl)-2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, 1-(trifluoromethyl)-1,2,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl, (R)-1-fluorobutyl, (S)-1-fluorobutyl, 2-fluorobutyl, 3-fluorobutyl, 4-fluorobutyl, 1,1-difluorobutyl, 2,2-difluorobutyl, 3,3-difluorobutyl, 4,4-difluorobutyl, 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl, and the like.

Branched C₃-C₆ alkyl is alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms at least one being a secondary or tertiary carbon atom. Examples are isopropyl, tert.-butyl, 2-butyl, isobutyl, 2-pentyl, 2-hexyl, 3-methylpentyl, 1,1-dimethylbutyl, 1,2-dimethylbutyl, 1-methyl-1-ethylpropyl.

Fluorinated branched C₃-C₆ alkyl is alkyl having 3 to 6 carbon atoms at least one being a secondary or tertiary carbon atom wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atom.

C₁-C₆ Alkoxy is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4 carbon atoms (═C₁-C₄ alkoxy), which is bound to the remainder of the molecule via an oxygen atom. Examples include methoxy, ethoxy, n-propoxy, isopropoxy, n-butoxy, 2-butoxy, iso-butoxy, tert.-butoxy pentyloxy, 1-methylbutoxy, 2-methylbutoxy, 3-methylbutoxy, 2,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-ethylpropoxy, hexyloxy, 1,1-dimethylpropoxy, 1,2-dimethylpropoxy, 1-methylpentyloxy, 2-methylpentyloxy, 3-methylpentyloxy, 4-methylpentyloxy, 1,1-dimethylbutyloxy, 1,2-dimethylbutyloxy, 1,3-dimethylbutyloxy, 2,2-dimethylbutyloxy, 2,3-dimethylbutyloxy, 3,3-dimethylbutyloxy, 1-ethylbutyloxy, 2-ethylbutyloxy, 1,1,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1,2,2-trimethylpropoxy, 1-ethyl-1-methylpropoxy and 1-ethyl-2-methylpropoxy.

Fluorinated C₁-C₆ alkoxy is a straight-chain or branched alkoxy group having from 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₄ alkoxy), wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atoms such as in fluoromethoxy, difluoromethoxy, trifluoromethoxy, (R)-1-fluoroethoxy, (S)-1-fluoroethoxy, 2-fluoroethoxy, 1,1-difluoroethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, (R)-1-fluoropropoxy, (S)-1-fluoropropoxy, (R)-2-fluoropropoxy, (S)-2-fluoropropoxy, 3-fluoropropoxy, 1,1-difluoropropoxy, 2,2-difluoropropoxy, 3,3-difluoropropoxy, 3,3,3-trifluoropropoxy, (R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethoxy, (S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethoxy, (R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethoxy, (S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethoxy, (R)-1,2-difluoro-1-methylethoxy, (S)-1,2-difluoro-1-methylethoxy, (R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethoxy, (S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethoxy, 2-fluoro-1-(fluoromethyl)ethoxy, 1-(difluoromethyl)-2,2-difluoroethoxy, (R)-1-fluorobutoxy, (S)-1-fluorobutoxy, 2-fluorobutoxy, 3-fluorobutoxy, 4-fluorobutoxy, 1,1-difluorobutoxy, 2,2-difluorobutoxy, 3,3-difluorobutoxy, 4,4-difluorobutoxy, 4,4,4-trifluorobutoxy, and the like.

C₁-C₆ Hydroxyalkyl is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms (═C₁-C₄ hydroxyalkyl), in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms (═C₁-C₃ hydroxyalkyl), wherein one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a hydroxy group, such as in 2-hydroxyethyl or 3-hydroxypropyl.

C₁-C₆-Alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a C₁-C₆-alkoxy group, such as in methoxymethyl, 2-methoxyethyl, ethoxymethyl, 3-methoxypropyl, 3-ethoxypropyl and the like.

C₁-C₆-Alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms, in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms, wherein one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a C₁-C₆-alkoxy group, such as in 2-methoxyethoxy, ethoxymethoxy, 2-ethoxyethoxy, 3-methoxypropoxy, 3-ethoxypropoxy and the like.

C₁-C₆-Alkylcarbonyl is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms (═C₁-C₄ alkylcarbonyl), in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₃ alkylcarbonyl), wherein one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a carbonyl group (CO), such as in acetyl and propionyl.

Fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₄ alkylcarbonyl), in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₃ alkylcarbonyl), wherein one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a carbonyl group (CO) and wherein at least one of the remaining hydrogen atoms, e.g. 1, 2, 3, or 4 of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atom, such as in trifluoroacetyl and 3,3,3-trifluoropropionyl.

C₁-C₆-Alkylcarbonylamino is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms (═C₁-C₄ alkylcarbonylamino), in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms (═C₁-C₄ alkylcarbonylamino), wherein one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a carbonylamino group (CO—NH—), such as in acetamido (acetylamino) (CH₃CONH—) and propionamido (CH₃CH₂CONH—).

Fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino is a straight-chain or branched alkyl group having from 1 to 6, especially 1 to 4 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₄ alkylcarbonylamino), in particular 1 to 3 carbon atoms (=fluorinated C₁-C₄ alkylcarbonylamino), wherein one of the hydrogen atoms is replaced by a carbonylamino group (CO—NH—) and wherein at least one of the remaining hydrogen atoms, e.g. 1, 2, 3, or 4 of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atom, such as in trifluoroacetylamino and 3,3,3-trifluoropropionylamino.

C₁-C₆ Alkylthio (also termed as C₁-C₆-alkylsulfanyl) (or C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl or C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, respectively) refer to straight-chain or branched alkyl groups having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, e.g. 1 to 4 carbon atoms, which are bound to the remainder of the molecule via a sulfur atom (or S(O)O in case of alkylsulfinyl or S(O)₂O in case of alkylsulfonyl, respectively), at any bond in the alkyl group. Examples for C₁-C₄-alkylthio include methylthio, ethylthio, propylthio, isopropylthio, and n-butylthio. Examples for C₁-C₄-alkylsulfinyl include methylsulfinyl, ethylsulfinyl, propylsulfinyl, isopropylsulfinyl, and n-butylsulfinyl. Examples for C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonyl include methylsulfonyl, ethylsulfonyl, propylsulfonyl, isopropylsulfonyl, and n-butylsulfonyl.

Fluorinated C₁-C₆ alkylthio (also termed fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfanyl) is a straight-chain or branched alkylthio group having from 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine atoms. Fluorinated C₁-C₆ alkylsulfinyl is a straight-chain or branched alkylsulfinyl group having from 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine atoms. Fluorinated C₁-C₆ alkylsulfonyl is a straight-chain or branched alkylsulfonyl group having from 1 to 6, in particular 1 to 4 carbon atoms, wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by fluorine atoms.

C₃-C₆ Cycloalkyl is a cycloaliphatic radical having from 3 to 6 C atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl. The cycloalkyl radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1, 2, 3 or 4 C₁-C₄ alkyl radicals, preferably a methyl radical. One alkyl radical is preferably located in the 1-position of the cycloalkyl radical, such as in 1-methylcyclopropyl or 1-methylcyclobutyl.

Fluorinated C₃-C₆ cycloalkyl is a cycloaliphatic radical having from 3 to 6 C atoms, such as cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl and cyclohexyl, wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atoms such as in 1-fluorocyclopropyl, 2-fluorocyclopropyl, (S)- and (R)-2,2-difluorocyclopropyl, 1,2-difluorocyclopropyl, 2,3-difluorocyclopropyl, pentafluorocyclopropyl, 1-fluorocyclobutyl, 2-fluorocyclobutyl, 3-fluorocyclobutyl, 2,2-difluorocyclobutyl, 3,3-difluorocyclobutyl, 1,2-difluorocyclobutyl, 1,3-difluorocyclobutyl, 2,3-difluorocyclobutyl, 2,4-difluorocyclobutyl, or 1,2,2-trifluorocyclobutyl.

C₂-C₆-Alkenyl is a singly unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 C-atoms, e.g. vinyl, allyl (2-propen-1-yl), 1-propen-1-yl, 2-propen-2-yl, methallyl (2-methylprop-2-en-1-yl) and the like. C₃-C₆-Alkenyl is, in particular, allyl, 1-methylprop-2-en-1-yl, 2-buten-1-yl, 3-buten-1-yl, methallyl, 2-penten-1-yl, 3-penten-1-yl, 4-penten-1-yl, 1-methylbut-2-en-1-yl or 2-ethylprop-2-en-1-yl.

Fluorinated C₂-C₆-alkenyl is a singly unsaturated hydrocarbon radical having 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 C-atoms, I, wherein at least one, e.g. 1, 2, 3, 4 or all of the hydrogen atoms are replaced by a fluorine atoms such as in 1-fluorovinyl, 2-fluorovinyl, 2,2-fluorovinyl, 3,3,3-fluoropropenyl, 1,1-difluoro-2-propenyl 1-fluoro-2-propenyl and the like.

C₁-C₆-Alkylene is a hydrocarbon bridging group having 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6 carbon atoms, like methylene, ethylene, 1,2- and 1,3-propylene, 1,4-butylene and the like.

Examples of 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic radicals comprise 2-, 3-, or 4-pyridyl, 2-, 4- or 5-pyrimidinyl, pyrazinyl, 3- or 4-pyridazinyl, 2- or 3-thienyl, 2- or 3-furyl, 2- or 3-pyrrolyl, 2-, 3- or 5-oxazolyl, 3-, 4- or 5-isoxazolyl, 2-, 3- or 5-thiazolyl, 3-, 4- or 5-isothiazolyl, 3-, 4- or 5-pyrazolyl, 2-, 4- or 5-imidazolyl, 2- or 5-[1,3,4]oxadiazolyl, 4- or 5-[1,2,3]oxadiazolyl, 3- or 5-[1,2,4]oxadiazolyl, 2- or 5-[1,3,4]thiadiazolyl, 2- or 5-[1,3,4]thiadiazolyl, 4- or 5-[1,2,3]thiadiazolyl, 3- or 5-[1,2,4]thiadiazolyl 1H-, 2H- or 3H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl, 2H-triazol-3-yl, 1H-, 2H-, or 4H-1,2,4-triazolyl and 1H- or 2H-tetrazolyl, which may be unsubstituted or which may carry 1, 2 or 3 of the aforementioned radicals R^(a).

Examples of a phenyl ring fused to a saturated or unsaturated 5- or 6-membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprise indenyl, indanyl, naphthyl, 1,2- or 2,3-dihydronaphthyl, tetralin, benzofuranyl, 2,3-dihydrobenzofuranyl, benzothienyl, indolyl, indazolyl, benzimidazolyl, benzoxathiazolyl, benzoxadiazolyl, benzothiadiazolyl, benzoxazinyl, dihydrobenzoxazinyl, chinolinyl, isochinolinyl, tetrahydroisochinolinyl, chromenyl, chromanyl and the like, which may be unsubstituted or which may carry 1, 2 or 3 of the aforementioned radicals R^(a). This fused system may be bonded to the remainder of the molecule (more precisely to the sulfonyl group) via carbon atoms of the phenyl moiety or via ring atoms (C- or N-atoms) of the ring fused to phenyl.

Examples for saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic rings (as radicals R^(a)) comprise saturated or unsaturated, aromatic or non-aromatic heterocyclic rings. Examples therefore include, apart from the above-defined 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic radicals, aziridyl, diaziridinyl, oxiranyl, azetidinyl, azetinyl, di- and tetrahydrofuranyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxopyrrolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolinyl, oxazolidinyl, oxo-oxazolidinyl, isoxazolinyl, isoxazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, oxothiomorpholinyl, dioxothiomorpholinyl and the like.

If R⁶ and R⁷ form together with N a 4-, 5- or 6-membered ring, examples for this type of radical comprise, apart from the above-defined 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic radicals containing at least one N atom as ring member, azetidinyl, azetinyl, pyrrolinyl, pyrrolidinyl, pyrazolinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolinyl, imidazolidinyl, oxazolinyl, oxazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl and the like.

In compounds of formula I, n preferably is 0 or 1; i.e. the nitrogen-containing ring is an azetidinyl group or a pyrrolidinyl group; and particularly, n is 1, which means that in a particularly preferred embodiment, the nitrogen-containing ring is a pyrrolidinyl ring.

Preferably, the radical R¹ is selected from H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkyl which is substituted by C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl or hydroxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₂-C₄-alkenyl and benzyl. More preference is given to H, propyl, cyclopropylmethylene, fluorinated ethyl, e.g. 2-fluoroethyl, fluorinated propyl, e.g. 3-fluoropropyl, hydroxypropyl, e.g. 3-hydroxypropyl, propionyl, allyl and benzyl. More preferably, R¹ is selected from H, propyl, ethyl, methyl, cyclopropylmethylene, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, allyl and benzyl. Even more preferably, R¹ is selected from H, propyl, cyclopropylmethylene, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, allyl or benzyl. In a particularly preferred embodiment, R¹ is H, n-propyl or allyl, in particular H or n-propyl and especially H.

Preferably, R², R³ and R⁴ are H, CH₃ or CH₂F and more preferably H.

If the group A is substituted, preferred substituents are selected from halogen, in particular fluorine, methyl, difluoromethyl, trifluoromethyl, methoxy, difluoromethoxy and trifluoromethoxy. More preferred substituents are selected from halogen, in particular fluorine, and methoxy. Specifically, the substituent is methoxy. Examples include 2-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 3-fluoro-1,4-phenylene, 2-fluoro-1,3-phenylene, 4-fluoro-1,3-phenylene, 2-methoxy-1,4-phenylene, 3-methoxy-1,4-phenylene, 2-methoxy-1,3-phenylene and 3-methoxy-1,3-phenylene. In a specific embodiment, A is unsubstituted 1,4-phenylene or unsubstituted 1,3-phenylene. More specifically, A is 1,3-pyridylene, in particular unsubstituted 1,3-pyridylene.

The group E is preferably NR⁵, more preferably NH or NCH₃ and in particular NH.

In one preferred embodiment of the invention, Ar is a radical of the formula (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E). Particular preference is given to the radical (A). Among the pyridyl radicals (B) to (E), preference is given to radicals (C) and (E).

In these Ar radicals (A) to (E), R^(a) is preferably selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, CN, nitro, acetyl, trifluoroacetyl, acetamido, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NH₂, NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy, and a saturated or unsaturated aromatic or non-aromatic 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3 heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is as defined above and is preferably H or C₁-C₄-alkyl such as methyl, SO, SO₂ and CO, and where the 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₁-C₆-alkoxy.

Preferably, the saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring is selected from azetidin-1-yl, 2-methylazetidinyl, 3-methoxyazetidinyl, 3-hydroxyazetidinyl, 3-fluoroazetidinyl, 2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, 2- and 3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-oxazolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, 2-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1-oxothiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-2-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-3-yl, furan-2-yl, furan-3-yl, thiophen-2-yl, thiophen-3-yl, 5-propylthiophen-2-yl, pyrazol-1-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl, 4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl, imidazol-1-yl, imidazol-2-yl, 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, thiazol-2-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, 2-methylthiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, tetrazol-1-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, 2-methyltetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyltetrazol-5-yl, furazan-3-yl, pyrid-2-yl, pyrid-3-yl, pyrid-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-5-yl and 2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl.

More preferably, the saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring is selected from nitrogen containing rings such as azetidin-1-yl, 2-methylazetidinyl, 3-methoxyazetidinyl, 3-hydroxyazetidinyl, 3-fluoroazetidinyl, 2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, 2- and 3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-oxazolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, 2-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1-oxothiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-2-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-3-yl, pyrazol-1-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl, 4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl, imidazol-1-yl, imidazol-2-yl, 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, thiazol-2-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, 2-methylthiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, tetrazol-1-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, 2-methyltetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyltetrazol-5-yl, furazan-3-yl, pyrid-2-yl, pyrid-3-yl, pyrid-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-5-yl and 2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl.

Even more preferably, the saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring is selected from nitrogen containing rings which are bound to the phenyl or pyridyl ring of the group Ar via their nitrogen atom, such as azetidin-1-yl, 2-methylazetidin-1-yl, 3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl, 3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl, 3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-oxazolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, 2-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1-oxothiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, pyrazol-1-yl, 4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl, imidazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, tetrazol-1-yl and tetrazol-2-yl.

In an alternative even more preferable embodiment, the saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring is selected from 5- or 6-membered, preferably 5-membered, nitrogen containing heteroaromatic rings bound via a carbon atom, such as pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-2-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-3-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl, imidazol-2-yl, 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, thiazol-2-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, 2-methylthiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, 2-methyltetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyltetrazol-5-yl, furazan-3-yl, pyrid-2-yl, pyrid-3-yl, pyrid-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-5-yl and 2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl.

The heterocyclic ring is unsubstituted or substituted by one substituent which is preferably selected from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkoxy and in particular from halogen, in particular fluorine, C₁-C₄-alkyl, especially methyl, and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, especially fluorinated methyl.

In a preferred embodiment, R^(a) is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkoxy, C₁-C₄-alkoxy-C₁-C₄-alkoxy, C₂-C₄-alkenyl, fluorinated C₂-C₄-alkenyl, NR⁶R⁷, ONR⁶R⁷, C₁-C₆-alkylene-NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are independently of each other H, C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy, ureido (NHCONH₂) C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, acetyl, carboxyl, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, benzoxy, methylsulfanyl, fluoromethylsulfanyl, difluoromethylsulfanyl, trifluoromethylsulfanyl, methylsulfonyl and one of the above-mentioned saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic rings, in particular azetidin-1-yl, 2-methylazetidinyl, 3-methoxyazetidinyl, 3-hydroxyazetidinyl, 3-fluoroazetidinyl, 2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, 2- and 3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-oxazolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, 2-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1-oxothiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-2-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-3-yl, pyrazol-1-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl, 4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl, imidazol-1-yl, imidazol-2-yl, 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, thiazol-2-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, 2-methylthiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, tetrazol-1-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, 2-methyltetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyltetrazol-5-yl, furazan-3-yl, pyrid-2-yl, pyrid-3-yl, pyrid-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-5-yl and 2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl.

In a more preferred embodiment, R^(a) is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, OCF₃, OCHF₂, OCH₂F, 2-fluoroethoxy, 2,2-difluoroethoxy, 2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy, 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy, 1,1,2,2,2-pentafluoroethoxy, C₂-C₄-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, ureido, acetyl, acetylamino, carboxyl, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, benzoxy, trifluoromethylsulfanyl, methylsulfonyl, azetidin-1-yl, 2-methylazetidinyl, 3-methoxyazetidinyl, 3-hydroxyazetidinyl, 3-fluoroazetidinyl, 2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, 2- and 3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-oxazolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, 2-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1-oxothiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-2-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-3-yl, pyrazol-1-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl, 4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl, imidazol-1-yl, imidazol-2-yl, 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, thiazol-2-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, 2-methylthiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, tetrazol-1-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, 2-methyltetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyltetrazol-5-yl, furazan-3-yl, pyrid-2-yl, pyrid-3-yl, pyrid-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-5-yl and 2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl.

In an alternatively preferred embodiment, R^(a) has the formula R^(a′)

wherein

-   Y is N, CH or CF, -   R^(a1) and R^(a2) are independently of each other selected from     C₁-C₂-alkyl, in particular methyl, fluorinated C₁-C₂-alkyl, in     particular fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl or trifluoromethyl, provided     for Y being CH or CF one of the radicals R^(a1) or R^(a2) may also     be hydrogen or fluorine, or -   R^(a1) and R^(a2) form a radical (CH₂)_(m) wherein 1 or 2 of the     hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine and wherein m is 2, 3 or     4, in particular CH₂—CH₂, CHF—CH₂ CF₂—CH₂, CH₂—CH₂—CH₂, CHF—CH₂—CH₂,     CF₂—CH₂—CH₂, CH₂—CHF—CH₂, CH₂—CF₂—CH₂.

In case R^(a1) and R^(a2) are different from each other, the radical of the aforementioned formula Ra may have either (R)- or (S)-configuration with regard to the Y-moiety.

Examples for preferred radicals of the formula R^(a′) comprise isopropyl, (R)-1-fluoroethyl, (S)-1-fluoroethyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 1,1-difluoroethyl, 2,2-difluoroethyl, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl, (R)-1-fluoropropyl, (S)-1-fluoropropyl, 2-fluoropropyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 1,1-difluoropropyl, 2,2-difluoropropyl, 3,3-difluoropropyl, 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl, cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, 1-fluorocyclopropyl, (S)- and (R)-2,2-difluorocyclopropyl and 2-fluorocyclopropyl.

Amongst the radicals of the formula R^(a′) those are preferred which carry 1, 2, 3 or 4, in particular 1, 2 or 3 fluorine atoms.

R^(b) and R^(c), independently of each other, are H, halogen, CH₃, OCH₃, CH₂F, OCH₂F, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃, OCF₃, CH₂CH₂F, OCH₂CH₂F, CH₂CHF₂, OCH₂CHF₂, CH₂CF₃ or OCH₂CF₃. If both R^(b) and R^(c) are different from H, it is preferred that one of R^(b) and R^(c) is selected from halogen and the other is selected from halogen, CH₃, OCH₃, CH₂F, OCH₂F, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃, OCF₃, CH₂CH₂F, OCH₂CH₂F, CH₂CHF₂, OCH₂CHF₂, CH₂CF₃ and OCH₂CF₃ and specifically from CH₃, OCH₃, CH₂F, OCH₂F, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃, OCF₃, CH₂CH₂F and OCH₂CH₂F.

Preferred examples for Ar, where Ar is a radical of formula (A), (B), (C), (D) or (E), are in particular the following: 3-methylphenyl, 3-ethylphenyl, 3-propylphenyl, 3-isopropylphenyl, 3-sec-butylphenyl, 3-isobutylphenyl, 3-tert-butylphenyl, 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl, 3-vinylphenyl, 3-isopropenylphenyl, 3-fluorophenyl, 3-chlorophenyl, 3-bromophenyl, 3-iodophenyl, 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl, 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl, 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl, 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl, 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl, 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl, 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl, 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 3-propoxyphenyl, 3-isopropoxyphenyl, 3-butoxyphenyl, 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl, 3-cyclopropylphenyl, 3-cyclobutylphenyl, 3-cyclopentylphenyl, 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl, 3,4-difluorophenyl, 3,5-dichlorophenyl, 2,3-dichlorophenyl, 2,5-dichlorophenyl, 4-bromo-3-fluorophenyl, 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl, 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl, 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl, 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl, 4-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl, 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl, 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl, 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl, 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl, 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl, 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl, 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl, 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl, 3-acetylphenyl, 3-acetylaminophenyl, 3-carboxyphenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, 3-hydroxyphenyl, 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl, 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl, 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl, 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl, 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl, 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl, 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl, 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 2,5-dimethylphenyl, 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl, 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl, 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl, 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl, 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl, 5-bromopyridin-3-yl, 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl, 4-methylpyridin-2-yl, 6-methylpyridin-2-yl, 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl, 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl and 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl.

In an alternatively preferred embodiment; Ar is a group of the formulae (F) or (G), (F) being particularly preferred.

In compounds I, wherein Ar is a radical (F), R^(d) is preferably selected from halogen, hydroxyl, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, pyridylsulfonyl, phenyl, where the phenyl and the pyridyl radical in the 3 last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, R⁹—CO—NR⁶—C₁-C₂-alkylene, CH₂-pyridyl, where the pyridyl radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, and a saturated, partially unsaturated or aromatic 5- or 6-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2 or 3 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3 heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, and where the heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, carboxyl and C₁-C₄-alkyoxycarbonyl, where R⁶, R⁷ and R⁹ are as defined above.

More preferably, R^(d) is selected from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, where the phenyl radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, and a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring comprising as ring members one nitrogen atom or one group NR⁸, where R⁸ is H or C₁-C₄-alkyl, and optionally one or two further heteroatoms selected from N, O, S, and where the heteroaromatic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio and fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio.

Even more preferably, R^(d) is selected from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, phenylsulfonyl, where the phenyl radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, and a 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic ring comprising as ring members one nitrogen atom or one group NR⁸, where R⁸ is H or C₁-C₄-alkyl, and optionally one or two further heteroatoms selected from N, O, S, and where the heteroaromatic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio and fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio.

The 5-membered heteroaromatic radical can be bound via a ring carbon atom or a nitrogen ring atom.

The 5- or 6-membered heteroaromatic radical is preferably selected from oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, pyridyl and pyrimidyl. In case the heteroaromatic radical is substituted, it carries preferably one substituent which is preferably selected from halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio and fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio and more preferably from F, CH₃, CH₂F, CHF₂, CF₃, OCH₃, OCH₂F, OCHF₂, OCF₃, SCH₃, SCH₂F, SCHF₂ and SCF₃.

k is preferably 0, 1 or 2, more preferably 0 or 1 and in particular 1.

The thienyl radical (F) can be bound to the sulfonyl group SO₂ via its 2- or 3-position, the 2-position (═C-atom adjacent to the ring S atom (S=1-position)) being preferred. If the thienyl radical carries one radical R^(d), this is preferably bound in the 4- or 5-position, more preferably in the 5-position (relative to the 2- or 3-position of the ring atom bound to the sulfonyl group). If the thienyl radical carries two radicals R^(d), these are preferably bound in the 4- and 5-position.

Particularly preferred Ar radicals (F) are selected from thien-2-yl, thien-3-yl, 3-chlorothien-2-yl, 4-chlorothien-2-yl, 5-chlorothien-2-yl, 3-bromothien-2-yl, 4-bromothien-2-yl, 5-bromothien-2-yl, 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl, 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl, 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl, 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl, 5-methylthien-2-yl, 5-ethylthien-2-yl, 5-propylthien-2-yl, 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl, 5-phenylthien-2-yl, 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl, 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl, 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)-pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio-(1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio-(1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl, 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl, 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl, 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl, 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl, 2-chlorothien-3-yl, 4-chlorothien-3-yl, 5-chlorothien-3-yl, 2-bromothien-3-yl, 4-bromothien-3-yl, 5-bromothien-3-yl, 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl, 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl, 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl, 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl, 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl, 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl, 4-hydroxythien-3-yl, 2-phenylthien-3-yl, 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl and 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5-(trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl.

In compounds I, wherein Ar is a radical (G), R¹ is preferably selected from H, halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, more preferably from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and more preferably from C₁-C₄-alkyl, specifically CH₃.

R^(f) is preferably selected from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, more preferably from halogen, specifically chlorine.

j is preferably 0 or 1, in particular 1. In case j is 1, R^(f) is preferably bound at the 4- or in particular at the 5-position (relative to the 3-position of R^(e)).

In compounds I, wherein Ar is a radical (G), n is specifically 0.

Particularly preferred Ar radicals (G) are selected from benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl, benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl, 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl, 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl, 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl, 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl and 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl.

In one preferred embodiment, A is 1,3-phenylene. In this case, the radicals R¹, R², R³, R⁴, E and Ar with its variables R^(a), R^(b), R^(c) R^(d), R^(e) and R^(f) have the above general or preferred meanings.

In an alternatively preferred embodiment, A is 1,4-phenylene. In this case, the radicals R¹, R², R³, R⁴, E and Ar with its variables R^(a), R^(b), R^(c), R^(d), R^(e) and R^(f) have the above general or preferred meanings. However, R^(a) in this case is preferably selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, where the phenyl radical in the 3 last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy or may form, together with N, a 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated ring, or is a saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3 heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR³, where R³ is as defined above, SO, SO₂ and CO, and where the heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₁-C₆-alkoxy. More preferably, R^(a) in this case is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, C₁-C₄-alkoxy-C₁-C₄-alkoxy, C₂-C₄-alkenyl, fluorinated C₂-C₄-alkenyl, NR⁶R⁷, ONR⁶R⁷, C₁-C₆-alkylene-NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are independently of each other H, C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy, ureido (NHCONH₂) C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, acetyl, carboxyl, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, benzoxy, methylsulfanyl, fluoromethylsulfanyl, difluoromethylsulfanyl, trifluoromethylsulfanyl, methylsulfonyl and one of the above-mentioned saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic rings, in particular azetidin-1-yl, 2-methylazetidinyl, 3-methoxyazetidinyl, 3-hydroxyazetidinyl, 3-fluoroazetidinyl, 2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, 2- and 3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-oxazolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, 2-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1-oxothiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-2-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-3-yl, pyrazol-1-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl, 4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl, imidazol-1-yl, imidazol-2-yl, 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, thiazol-2-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, 2-methylthiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, tetrazol-1-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, 2-methyltetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyltetrazol-5-yl, furazan-3-yl, pyrid-2-yl, pyrid-3-yl, pyrid-4-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-5-yl and 2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl.

Even more preferably, R^(a) in this case is selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, C₂-C₄-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, ureido, acetyl, acetylamino, carboxyl, hydroxy, cyano, nitro, benzoxy, trifluoromethylsulfanyl, methylsulfonyl, azetidin-1-yl, 2-methylazetidinyl, 3-methoxyazetidinyl, 3-hydroxyazetidinyl, 3-fluoroazetidinyl, 2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-1-yl, pyrrolidin-2-yl, pyrrolidin-3-yl, 2- and 3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl, 2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-pyrrolidin-1-yl, 2- and 3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl, 2-oxo-oxazolidin-1-yl, piperidin-1-yl, 2-methylpiperidin-1-yl, 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, piperazin-1-yl, 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl, morpholin-4-yl, thiomorpholin-4-yl, 1-oxothiomorpholin-4-yl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholin-4-yl, pyrrol-1-yl, pyrrol-2-yl, pyrrol-3-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-2-yl, 1-methylpyrrol-3-yl, pyrazol-1-yl, pyrazol-3-yl, pyrazol-4-yl, 1-methylpyrazol-4-yl, 4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl, imidazol-1-yl, imidazol-2-yl, 1-methylimidazol-2-yl, oxazol-2-yl, oxazol-4-yl, oxazol-5-yl, isoxazol-3-yl, isoxazol-4-yl, isoxazol-5-yl, thiazol-2-yl, thiazol-4-yl, thiazol-5-yl, 2-methylthiazol-4-yl, 2-methylthiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-1-yl, [1,2,3]triazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]triazol-4-yl, 4-methyl-[1,2,4]triazol-3-yl, 2-methyl-[1,2,3]triazol-4-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl, [1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl, 5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl, [1,2,3]thiadiazol-4-yl, tetrazol-1-yl, tetrazol-5-yl, 2-methyltetrazol-5-yl, 1-methyltetrazol-5-yl, furazan-3-yl, pyrid-2-yl, pyrid-3-yl, pyrid-4-yl, 4-methylpyridin-2-yl, 6-methylpyridin-2-yl, 5-bromopyridin-2-yl, pyrimidin-2-yl, pyrimidin-4-yl, pyrimidin-5-yl and 2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl.

In this case, i.e. if A is 1,4-phenylene, preferred examples for Ar are in particular the following: 3-methylphenyl, 3-ethylphenyl, 3-propylphenyl, 3-isopropylphenyl, 3-sec-butylphenyl, 3-isobutylphenyl, 3-tert-butylphenyl, 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl, 3-vinylphenyl, 3-isopropenylphenyl, 3-methoxyphenyl, 3-ethoxyphenyl, 3-propoxyphenyl, 3-isopropoxyphenyl, 3-butoxyphenyl, 3-cyclopropylphenyl, 3-cyclobutylphenyl, 3-cyclopentylphenyl, 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl, 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl, 3-(cyanophenyl, 2,5-dimethylphenyl, 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl, 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl, 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 3-acetylphenyl, 3-acetylaminophenyl, 3-carboxyphenyl, 3-cyanophenyl, 3-nitrophenyl, 3-hydroxyphenyl, 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl, 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl, 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl, 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl, 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl, 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl, 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl, 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl, 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl, 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl, 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl, 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl, 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl, 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl, 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl, 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl, 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl, 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl, 5-bromopyridin-3-yl, 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl, 4-methylpyridin-2-yl, 6-methylpyridin-2-yl, 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl, 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl, 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl, 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl and 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl.

Particularly preferred compounds I are those of formulae I.a, I.b, I.c, I.d, I.e, I.f, I.g, I.h, I.i, I.k, I.l, I.m, I.n, I.o, I.p, I.q, I.r, I.s and I.t, wherein R¹ and Ar have the above-defined meanings. Preferred meanings of R¹ and Ar are as defined above.

Examples of preferred compounds which are represented by the formulae I.q, I.r, I.s and I.t are listed in following tables 1 to

Table 1

-   -   Compounds of the formula I.q in which R⁴ is methyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 2     -   Compounds of the formula I.q in which R⁴ is fluoromethyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 3     -   Compounds of the formula I.q in which R⁴ is difluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A         Table 4     -   Compounds of the formula I.q in which R⁴ is trifluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A         Table 5     -   Compounds of the formula I.r in which R⁴ is methyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 6     -   Compounds of the formula I.r in which R⁴ is fluoromethyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 7     -   Compounds of the formula I.r in which R⁴ is difluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A         Table 8     -   Compounds of the formula I.r in which R⁴ is trifluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A         Table 9     -   Compounds of the formula I.s in which R³ is methyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 10     -   Compounds of the formula I.s in which R³ is fluoromethyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 11     -   Compounds of the formula I.s in which R³ is difluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A         Table 12     -   Compounds of the formula I.r in which R³ is trifluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A         Table 13     -   Compounds of the formula I.t in which R³ is methyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 14     -   Compounds of the formula I.t in which R³ is fluoromethyl and the         combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each case         to one row of Table A         Table 15     -   Compounds of the formula I.t in which R³ is difluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A         Table 16     -   Compounds of the formula I.t in which R³ is trifluoromethyl and         the combination of R¹ and Ar for a compound corresponds in each         case to one row of Table A

Examples of preferred compounds which are represented by the formulae I.a, I.b, I.c, I.d, I.e, I.f, I.g, I.h, I.i, I.k, I.l, I.m, I.n, I.o, I.p, I.q, I.r, I.s and I.t are the individual compounds listed above, where the variables Ar and R¹ have the meanings given in one row of table A.

TABLE A No. R¹ Ar 1. propyl 3-methylphenyl 2. propyl 3-ethylphenyl 3. propyl 3-propylphenyl 4. propyl 3-isopropylphenyl 5. propyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 6. propyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 7. propyl 3-isobutylphenyl 8. propyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 9. propyl 3-vinylphenyl 10. propyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 11. propyl 3-fluorophenyl 12. propyl 3-chlorophenyl 13. propyl 3-bromophenyl 14. propyl 3-iodophenyl 15. propyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 16. propyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 17. propyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 18. propyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 19. propyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 20. propyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 21. propyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 22. propyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 23. propyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 24. propyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 25. propyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 26. propyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 27. propyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 28. propyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 29. propyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 30. propyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 31. propyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 32. propyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 33. propyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 34. propyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 35. propyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 36. propyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 37. propyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 38. propyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 39. propyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 40. propyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 41. propyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 42. propyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 43. propyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 44. propyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 45. propyl 3-methoxyphenyl 46. propyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 47. propyl 3-propoxyphenyl 48. propyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 49. propyl 3-butoxyphenyl 50. propyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 51. propyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 52. propyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 53. propyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 54. propyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 55. propyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 56. propyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 57. propyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 58. propyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 59. propyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 60. propyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 61. propyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 62. propyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 63. propyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 64. propyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 65. propyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 66. propyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 67. propyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 68. propyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 69. propyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 70. propyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 71. propyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 72. propyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 73. propyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 74. propyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 75. propyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 76. propyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 77. propyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 78. propyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 79. propyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 80. propyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 81. propyl 3-acetylphenyl 82. propyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 83. propyl 3-carboxyphenyl 84. propyl 3-cyanophenyl 85. propyl 3-nitrophenyl 86. propyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 87. propyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 88. propyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 89. propyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 90. propyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 91. propyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 92. propyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 93. propyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 94. propyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 95. propyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 96. propyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 97. propyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 98. propyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 99. propyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 100. propyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 101. propyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 102. propyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 103. propyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 104. propyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 105. propyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 106. propyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 107. propyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 108. propyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 109. propyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 110. propyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 111. propyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 112. propyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 113. propyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 114. propyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 115. propyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 116. propyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 117. propyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 118. propyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 119. propyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 120. propyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 121. propyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 122. propyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 123. propyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 124. propyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 125. propyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 126. propyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 127. propyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 128. propyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 129. propyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 130. propyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 131. propyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 132. propyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 133. propyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 134. propyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 135. propyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 136. propyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 137. propyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 138. propyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 139. propyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 140. propyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 141. propyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 142. propyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 143. propyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 144. propyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 145. propyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 146. propyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 147. propyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 148. propyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 149. propyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 150. propyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 151. propyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 152. propyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 153. propyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 154. propyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 155. propyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 156. propyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 157. propyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 158. propyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 159. propyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 160. propyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 161. propyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 162. propyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 163. propyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 164. propyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 165. propyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 166. propyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 167. propyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 168. propyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 169. propyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 170. propyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 171. propyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 172. propyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 173. propyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 174. propyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 175. propyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 176. propyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 177. propyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 178. propyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 179. propyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 180. propyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 181. propyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 182. propyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 183. propyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 184. propyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 185. propyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 186. propyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 187. propyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 188. propyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 189. propyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 190. propyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 191. propyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 192. propyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 193. propyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 194. propyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 195. propyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 196. propyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 197. propyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 198. propyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 199. propyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 200. propyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 201. propyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 202. propyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 203. propyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 204. propyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 205. propyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 206. propyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 207. propyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 208. propyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 209. propyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 210. propyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 211. propyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 212. propyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 213. propyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 214. propyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 215. propyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 216. propyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 217. propyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 218. propyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 219. propyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 220. propyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 221. propyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 222. propyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 223. propyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 224. propyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 225. propyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 226. propyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 227. propyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 228. propyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 229. propyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 230. propyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 231. propyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 232. propyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 233. propyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 234. propyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 235. propyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 236. propyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 237. propyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 238. propyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 239. propyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 240. propyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 241. propyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 242. propyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 243. propyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 244. propyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 245. propyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 246. propyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 247. propyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 248. propyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 249. propyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 250. propyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 251. propyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 252. propyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 253. propyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 254. propyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 255. propyl thien-2-yl 256. propyl thien-3-yl 257. propyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 258. propyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 259. propyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 260. propyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 261. propyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 262. propyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 263. propyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 264. propyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 265. propyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 266. propyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 267. propyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 268. propyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 269. propyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 270. propyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-thien-2-yl 271. propyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 272. propyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 273. propyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 274. propyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 275. propyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 276. propyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)- thien-2-yl 277. propyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 278. propyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 279. propyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 280. propyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 281. propyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 282. propyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 283. propyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 284. propyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 285. propyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 286. propyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 287. propyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 288. propyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 289. propyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 290. propyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 291. propyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 292. propyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 293. propyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 294. propyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 295. propyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 296. propyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 297. propyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 298. propyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 299. propyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 300. propyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 301. propyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)-thien- 2-yl 302. propyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 303. propyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 304. propyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 305. propyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 306. propyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 307. propyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 308. propyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 309. propyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 310. propyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 311. propyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 312. propyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 313. propyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 314. propyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 315. propyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2- yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 316. propyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 317. propyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 318. propyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 319. propyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 320. propyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 321. propyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 322. propyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 323. propyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 324. propyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 325. propyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 326. propyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 327. propyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 328. propyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 329. propyl 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 330. propyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 331. propyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 332. propyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 333. propyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 334. propyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 335. propyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 336. propyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 337. propyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 338. propyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 339. propyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 340. ethyl 3-methylphenyl 341. ethyl 3-ethylphenyl 342. ethyl 3-propylphenyl 343. ethyl 3-isopropylphenyl 344. ethyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 345. ethyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 346. ethyl 3-isobutylphenyl 347. ethyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 348. ethyl 3-vinylphenyl 349. ethyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 350. ethyl 3-fluorophenyl 351. ethyl 3-chlorophenyl 352. ethyl 3-bromophenyl 353. ethyl 3-iodophenyl 354. ethyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 355. ethyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 356. ethyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 357. ethyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 358. ethyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 359. ethyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 360. ethyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 361. ethyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 362. ethyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 363. ethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 364. ethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 365. ethyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 366. ethyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 367. ethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 368. ethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 369. ethyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 370. ethyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 371. ethyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 372. ethyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 373. ethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 374. ethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 375. ethyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 376. ethyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 377. ethyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 378. ethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 379. ethyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 380. ethyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 381. ethyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 382. ethyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 383. ethyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 384. ethyl 3-methoxyphenyl 385. ethyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 386. ethyl 3-propoxyphenyl 387. ethyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 388. ethyl 3-butoxyphenyl 389. ethyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 390. ethyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 391. ethyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 392. ethyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 393. ethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 394. ethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 395. ethyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 396. ethyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 397. ethyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 398. ethyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 399. ethyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 400. ethyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 401. ethyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 402. ethyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 403. ethyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 404. ethyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 405. ethyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 406. ethyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 407. ethyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 408. ethyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 409. ethyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 410. ethyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 411. ethyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 412. ethyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 413. ethyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 414. ethyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 415. ethyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 416. ethyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 417. ethyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 418. ethyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 419. ethyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 420. ethyl 3-acetylphenyl 421. ethyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 422. ethyl 3-carboxyphenyl 423. ethyl 3-cyanophenyl 424. ethyl 3-nitrophenyl 425. ethyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 426. ethyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 427. ethyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 428. ethyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 429. ethyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 430. ethyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 431. ethyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 432. ethyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 433. ethyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 434. ethyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 435. ethyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 436. ethyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 437. ethyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 438. ethyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 439. ethyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 440. ethyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 441. ethyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 442. ethyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 443. ethyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 444. ethyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 445. ethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 446. ethyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 447. ethyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 448. ethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 449. ethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 450. ethyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 451. ethyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 452. ethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 453. ethyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 454. ethyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 455. ethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 456. ethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 457. ethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 458. ethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 459. ethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 460. ethyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 461. ethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 462. ethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 463. ethyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 464. ethyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 465. ethyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 466. ethyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 467. ethyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 468. ethyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 469. ethyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 470. ethyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 471. ethyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 472. ethyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 473. ethyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 474. ethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 475. ethyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 476. ethyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 477. ethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 478. ethyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 479. ethyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 480. ethyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 481. ethyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 482. ethyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 483. ethyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 484. ethyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 485. ethyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 486. ethyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 487. ethyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 488. ethyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 489. ethyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 490. ethyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 491. ethyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 492. ethyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 493. ethyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 494. ethyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 495. ethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 496. ethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 497. ethyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 498. ethyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 499. ethyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 500. ethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 501. ethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 502. ethyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 503. ethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 504. ethyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 505. ethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 506. ethyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 507. ethyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 508. ethyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 509. ethyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 510. ethyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 511. ethyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 512. ethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 513. ethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 514. ethyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 515. ethyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 516. ethyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 517. ethyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 518. ethyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 519. ethyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 520. ethyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 521. ethyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 522. ethyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 523. ethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 524. ethyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 525. ethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 526. ethyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 527. ethyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 528. ethyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 529. ethyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 530. ethyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 531. ethyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 532. ethyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 533. ethyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 534. ethyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 535. ethyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 536. ethyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 537. ethyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 538. ethyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 539. ethyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 540. ethyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 541. ethyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 542. ethyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 543. ethyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 544. ethyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 545. ethyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 546. ethyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 547. ethyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 548. ethyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 549. ethyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 550. ethyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 551. ethyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 552. ethyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 553. ethyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 554. ethyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 555. ethyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 556. ethyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 557. ethyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 558. ethyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 559. ethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 560. ethyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 561. ethyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 562. ethyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 563. ethyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 564. ethyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 565. ethyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 566. ethyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 567. ethyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 568. ethyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 569. ethyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 570. ethyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 571. ethyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 572. ethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 573. ethyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 574. ethyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 575. ethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 576. ethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 577. ethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 578. ethyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 579. ethyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 580. ethyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 581. ethyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 582. ethyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 583. ethyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 584. ethyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 585. ethyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 586. ethyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 587. ethyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 588. ethyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 589. ethyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 590. ethyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 591. ethyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 592. ethyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 593. ethyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 594. ethyl thien-2-yl 595. ethyl thien-3-yl 596. ethyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 597. ethyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 598. ethyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 599. ethyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 600. ethyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 601. ethyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 602. ethyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 603. ethyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 604. ethyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 605. ethyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 606. ethyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 607. ethyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 608. ethyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 609. ethyl 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 610. ethyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 611. ethyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 612. ethyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 613. ethyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 614. ethyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 615. ethyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)- thien-2-yl 616. ethyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 617. ethyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 618. ethyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 619. ethyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 620. ethyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 621. ethyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 622. ethyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 623. ethyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 624. ethyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)-pyrazol- 3-yl)-thien-2-yl 625. ethyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)-pyrazol- 5-yl)-thien-2-yl 626. ethyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 627. ethyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 628. ethyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 629. ethyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 630. ethyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 631. ethyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 632. ethyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 633. ethyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 634. ethyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 635. ethyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 636. ethyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 637. ethyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 638. ethyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 639. ethyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 640. ethyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)-thien- 2-yl 641. ethyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 642. ethyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 643. ethyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 644. ethyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 645. ethyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 646. ethyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 647. ethyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 648. ethyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 649. ethyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 650. ethyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 651. ethyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 652. ethyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 653. ethyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 654. ethyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2- yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 655. ethyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 656. ethyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 657. ethyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 658. ethyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 659. ethyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 660. ethyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 661. ethyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 662. ethyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 663. ethyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 664. ethyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 665. ethyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 666. ethyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 667. ethyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 668. ethyl 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 669. ethyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 670. ethyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 671. ethyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 672. ethyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 673. ethyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 674. ethyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 675. ethyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 676. ethyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 677. ethyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 678. ethyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 679. methyl 3-methylphenyl 680. methyl 3-ethylphenyl 681. methyl 3-propylphenyl 682. methyl 3-isopropylphenyl 683. methyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 684. methyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 685. methyl 3-isobutylphenyl 686. methyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 687. methyl 3-vinylphenyl 688. methyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 689. methyl 3-fluorophenyl 690. methyl 3-chlorophenyl 691. methyl 3-bromophenyl 692. methyl 3-iodophenyl 693. methyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 694. methyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 695. methyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 696. methyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 697. methyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 698. methyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 699. methyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 700. methyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 701. methyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 702. methyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 703. methyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 704. methyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 705. methyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 706. methyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 707. methyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 708. methyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 709. methyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 710. methyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 711. methyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 712. methyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 713. methyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 714. methyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 715. methyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 716. methyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 717. methyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 718. methyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 719. methyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 720. methyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 721. methyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 722. methyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 723. methyl 3-methoxyphenyl 724. methyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 725. methyl 3-propoxyphenyl 726. methyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 727. methyl 3-butoxyphenyl 728. methyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 729. methyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 730. methyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 731. methyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 732. methyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 733. methyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 734. methyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 735. methyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 736. methyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 737. methyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 738. methyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 739. methyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 740. methyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 741. methyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 742. methyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 743. methyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 744. methyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 745. methyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 746. methyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 747. methyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 748. methyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 749. methyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 750. methyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 751. methyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 752. methyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 753. methyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 754. methyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 755. methyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 756. methyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 757. methyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 758. methyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 759. methyl 3-acetylphenyl 760. methyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 761. methyl 3-carboxyphenyl 762. methyl 3-cyanophenyl 763. methyl 3-nitrophenyl 764. methyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 765. methyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 766. methyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 767. methyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 768. methyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 769. methyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 770. methyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 771. methyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 772. methyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 773. methyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 774. methyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 775. methyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 776. methyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 777. methyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 778. methyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 779. methyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 780. methyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 781. methyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 782. methyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 783. methyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 784. methyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 785. methyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 786. methyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 787. methyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 788. methyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 789. methyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 790. methyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 791. methyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 792. methyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 793. methyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 794. methyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 795. methyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 796. methyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 797. methyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 798. methyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 799. methyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 800. methyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 801. methyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 802. methyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 803. methyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 804. methyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 805. methyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 806. methyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 807. methyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 808. methyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 809. methyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 810. methyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 811. methyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 812. methyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 813. methyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 814. methyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 815. methyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 816. methyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 817. methyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 818. methyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 819. methyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 820. methyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 821. methyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 822. methyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 823. methyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 824. methyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 825. methyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 826. methyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 827. methyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 828. methyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 829. methyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 830. methyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 831. methyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 832. methyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 833. methyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 834. methyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 835. methyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 836. methyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 837. methyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 838. methyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 839. methyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 840. methyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 841. methyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 842. methyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 843. methyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 844. methyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 845. methyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 846. methyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 847. methyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 848. methyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 849. methyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 850. methyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 851. methyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 852. methyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 853. methyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 854. methyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 855. methyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 856. methyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 857. methyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 858. methyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 859. methyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 860. methyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 861. methyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 862. methyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 863. methyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 864. methyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 865. methyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 866. methyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 867. methyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 868. methyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 869. methyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 870. methyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 871. methyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 872. methyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 873. methyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 874. methyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 875. methyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 876. methyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 877. methyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 878. methyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 879. methyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 880. methyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 881. methyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 882. methyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 883. methyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 884. methyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 885. methyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 886. methyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 887. methyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 888. methyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 889. methyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 890. methyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 891. methyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 892. methyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 893. methyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 894. methyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 895. methyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 896. methyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 897. methyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 898. methyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 899. methyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 900. methyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 901. methyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 902. methyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 903. methyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 904. methyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 905. methyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 906. methyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 907. methyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 908. methyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 909. methyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 910. methyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 911. methyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 912. methyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 913. methyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 914. methyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 915. methyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 916. methyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 917. methyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 918. methyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 919. methyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 920. methyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 921. methyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 922. methyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 923. methyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 924. methyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 925. methyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 926. methyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 927. methyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 928. methyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 929. methyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 930. methyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 931. methyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 932. methyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 933. methyl thien-2-yl 934. methyl thien-3-yl 935. methyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 936. methyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 937. methyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 938. methyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 939. methyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 940. methyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 941. methyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 942. methyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 943. methyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 944. methyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 945. methyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 946. methyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 947. methyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 948. methyl 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 949. methyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 950. methyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 951. methyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 952. methyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 953. methyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 954. methyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)- thien-2-yl 955. methyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 956. methyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 957. methyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 958. methyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 959. methyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 960. methyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 961. methyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 962. methyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 963. methyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 964. methyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 965. methyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 966. methyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 967. methyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 968. methyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 969. methyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 970. methyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 971. methyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 972. methyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 973. methyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 974. methyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 975. methyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 976. methyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 977. methyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 978. methyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 979. methyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)-thien- 2-yl 980. methyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 981. methyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 982. methyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 983. methyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 984. methyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 985. methyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 986. methyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 987. methyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 988. methyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 989. methyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 990. methyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 991. methyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 992. methyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 993. methyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin- 2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 994. methyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 995. methyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 996. methyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 997. methyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 998. methyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 999. methyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 1000. methyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 1001. methyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 1002. methyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 1003. methyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 1004. methyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 1005. methyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 1006. methyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 1007. methyl 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 1008. methyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 1009. methyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 1010. methyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 1011. methyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1012. methyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 1013. methyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1014. methyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1015. methyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1016. methyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1017. methyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1018. H 3-methylphenyl 1019. H 3-ethylphenyl 1020. H 3-propylphenyl 1021. H 3-isopropylphenyl 1022. H 3-sec-butylphenyl 1023. H 3-tert-butylphenyl 1024. H 3-isobutylphenyl 1025. H 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 1026. H 3-vinylphenyl 1027. H 3-isopropenylphenyl 1028. H 3-fluorophenyl 1029. H 3-chlorophenyl 1030. H 3-bromophenyl 1031. H 3-iodophenyl 1032. H 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 1033. H 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 1034. H 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 1035. H 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 1036. H 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1037. H 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1038. H 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1039. H 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1040. H 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 1041. H 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 1042. H 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 1043. H 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1044. H 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1045. H 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1046. H 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1047. H 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 1048. H 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 1049. H 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1050. H 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1051. H 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1052. H 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1053. H 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1054. H 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1055. H 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1056. H 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1057. H 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1058. H 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1059. H 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 1060. H 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 1061. H 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1062. H 3-methoxyphenyl 1063. H 3-ethoxyphenyl 1064. H 3-propoxyphenyl 1065. H 3-isopropoxyphenyl 1066. H 3-butoxyphenyl 1067. H 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1068. H 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1069. H 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1070. H 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1071. H 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1072. H 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1073. H 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1074. H 3-cyclopropylphenyl 1075. H 3-cyclobutylphenyl 1076. H 3-cyclopentylphenyl 1077. H 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 1078. H 3,4-difluorophenyl 1079. H 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 1080. H 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 1081. H 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 1082. H 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 1083. H 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 1084. H 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1085. H 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1086. H 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1087. H 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1088. H 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1089. H 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1090. H 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1091. H 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1092. H 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 1093. H 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 1094. H 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 1095. H 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 1096. H 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1097. H 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 1098. H 3-acetylphenyl 1099. H 3-acetylaminophenyl 1100. H 3-carboxyphenyl 1101. H 3-cyanophenyl 1102. H 3-nitrophenyl 1103. H 3-hydroxyphenyl 1104. H 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 1105. H 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 1106. H 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 1107. H 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 1108. H 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1109. H 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1110. H 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1111. H 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1112. H 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 1113. H 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 1114. H 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 1115. H 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 1116. H 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 1117. H 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 1118. H 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1119. H 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1120. H 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1121. H 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1122. H 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1123. H 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1124. H 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1125. H 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1126. H 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1127. H 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1128. H 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1129. H 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1130. H 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1131. H 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1132. H 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1133. H 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 1134. H 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 1135. H 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 1136. H 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1137. H 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1138. H 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1139. H 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1140. H 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1141. H 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1142. H 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1143. H 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1144. H 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1145. H 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1146. H 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1147. H 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1148. H 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1149. H 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1150. H 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1151. H 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1152. H 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1153. H 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1154. H 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1155. H 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1156. H 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1157. H 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1158. H 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1159. H 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1160. H 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1161. H 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1162. H 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1163. H 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1164. H 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1165. H 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1166. H 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1167. H 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1168. H 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1169. H 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1170. H 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1171. H 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1172. H 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1173. H 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1174. H 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1175. H 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1176. H 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 1177. H 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 1178. H 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1179. H 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 1180. H 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 1181. H 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 1182. H 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1183. H 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1184. H 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1185. H 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1186. H 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1187. H 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 1188. H 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 1189. H 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 1190. H 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 1191. H 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 1192. H 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 1193. H 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 1194. H 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 1195. H 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 1196. H 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 1197. H 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1198. H 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1199. H 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1200. H 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1201. H 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1202. H 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1203. H 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1204. H 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1205. H 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1206. H 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1207. H 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1208. H 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1209. H 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1210. H 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1211. H 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1212. H 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1213. H 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1214. H 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1215. H 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1216. H 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1217. H 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1218. H 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1219. H 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1220. H 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1221. H 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1222. H 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1223. H 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1224. H 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1225. H 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1226. H 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1227. H 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1228. H 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1229. H 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1230. H 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1231. H 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1232. H 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1233. H 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1234. H 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1235. H 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1236. H 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1237. H 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1238. H 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 1239. H 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 1240. H 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 1241. H 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 1242. H 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1243. H 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 1244. H 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 1245. H 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 1246. H 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 1247. H 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1248. H 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 1249. H 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 1250. H 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 1251. H 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 1252. H 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 1253. H 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 1254. H 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1255. H 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1256. H 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 1257. H 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 1258. H 2,3-dichlorophenyl 1259. H 2,5-dichlorophenyl 1260. H 3,5-dichlorophenyl 1261. H 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 1262. H 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 1263. H 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 1264. H 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1265. H 2,5-dimethylphenyl 1266. H 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1267. H 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1268. H 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 1269. H 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 1270. H 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1271. H 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1272. H thien-2-yl 1273. H thien-3-yl 1274. H 3-chlorothien-2-yl 1275. H 4-chlorothien-2-yl 1276. H 5-chlorothien-2-yl 1277. H 3-bromothien-2-yl 1278. H 4-bromothien-2-yl 1279. H 5-bromothien-2-yl 1280. H 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 1281. H 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 1282. H 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 1283. H 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 1284. H 5-methylthien-2-yl 1285. H 5-ethylthien-2-yl 1286. H 5-propylthien-2-yl 1287. H 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 1288. H 5-phenylthien-2-yl 1289. H 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1290. H 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1291. H 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1292. H 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1293. H 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)- thien-2-yl 1294. H 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1295. H 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1296. H 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1297. H 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 1298. H 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1299. H 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1300. H 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1301. H 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 1302. H 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)-pyrazol- 3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1303. H 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)-pyrazol- 5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1304. H 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1305. H 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1306. H 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1307. H 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1308. H 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1309. H 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1310. H 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1311. H 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1312. H 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1313. H 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1314. H 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1315. H 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1316. H 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1317. H 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1318. H 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)-thien- 2-yl 1319. H 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1320. H 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1321. H 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1322. H 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1323. H 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1324. H 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1325. H 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1326. H 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1327. H 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1328. H 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1329. H 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1330. H 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1331. H 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 1332. H 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin- 2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 1333. H 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 1334. H 2-chlorothien-3-yl 1335. H 4-chlorothien-3-yl 1336. H 5-chlorothien-3-yl 1337. H 2-bromothien-3-yl 1338. H 4-bromothien-3-yl 1339. H 5-bromothien-3-yl 1340. H 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 1341. H 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 1342. H 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 1343. H 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 1344. H 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 1345. H 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 1346. H 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 1347. H 2-phenylthien-3-yl 1348. H 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 1349. H 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 1350. H benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1351. H benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 1352. H 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1353. H 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1354. H 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1355. H 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1356. H 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1357. 3-fluoropropyl 3-methylphenyl 1358. 3-fluoropropyl 3-ethylphenyl 1359. 3-fluoropropyl 3-propylphenyl 1360. 3-fluoropropyl 3-isopropylphenyl 1361. 3-fluoropropyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 1362. 3-fluoropropyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 1363. 3-fluoropropyl 3-isobutylphenyl 1364. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 1365. 3-fluoropropyl 3-vinylphenyl 1366. 3-fluoropropyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 1367. 3-fluoropropyl 3-fluorophenyl 1368. 3-fluoropropyl 3-chlorophenyl 1369. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromophenyl 1370. 3-fluoropropyl 3-iodophenyl 1371. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 1372. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 1373. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 1374. 3-fluoropropyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 1375. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1376. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1377. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1378. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1379. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 1380. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 1381. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 1382. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1383. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1384. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1385. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1386. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 1387. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 1388. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1389. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1390. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1391. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1392. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1393. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1394. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1395. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1396. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1397. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1398. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 1399. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 1400. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1401. 3-fluoropropyl 3-methoxyphenyl 1402. 3-fluoropropyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 1403. 3-fluoropropyl 3-propoxyphenyl 1404. 3-fluoropropyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 1405. 3-fluoropropyl 3-butoxyphenyl 1406. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1407. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1408. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1409. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1410. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1411. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1412. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1413. 3-fluoropropyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 1414. 3-fluoropropyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 1415. 3-fluoropropyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 1416. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 1417. 3-fluoropropyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 1418. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 1419. 3-fluoropropyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 1420. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 1421. 3-fluoropropyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 1422. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 1423. 3-fluoropropyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1424. 3-fluoropropyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1425. 3-fluoropropyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1426. 3-fluoropropyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1427. 3-fluoropropyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1428. 3-fluoropropyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1429. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1430. 3-fluoropropyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1431. 3-fluoropropyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 1432. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 1433. 3-fluoropropyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 1434. 3-fluoropropyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 1435. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1436. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 1437. 3-fluoropropyl 3-acetylphenyl 1438. 3-fluoropropyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 1439. 3-fluoropropyl 3-carboxyphenyl 1440. 3-fluoropropyl 3-cyanophenyl 1441. 3-fluoropropyl 3-nitrophenyl 1442. 3-fluoropropyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 1443. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 1444. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 1445. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 1446. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 1447. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1448. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1449. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1450. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1451. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 1452. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 1453. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 1454. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 1455. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 1456. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 1457. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1458. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1459. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1460. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1461. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1462. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1463. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1464. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1465. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1466. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1467. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1468. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1469. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1470. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1471. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1472. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 1473. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 1474. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 1475. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1476. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1477. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1478. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1479. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1480. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1481. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1482. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1483. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1484. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1485. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1486. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1487. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1488. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1489. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1490. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1491. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1492. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1493. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1494. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1495. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1496. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1497. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1498. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1499. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1500. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1501. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1502. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1503. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1504. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1505. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1506. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1507. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1508. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1509. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1510. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1511. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1512. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1513. 3-fluoropropyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1514. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1515. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 1516. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 1517. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1518. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 1519. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 1520. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 1521. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1522. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1523. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1524. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1525. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1526. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 1527. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 1528. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 1529. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 1530. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 1531. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 1532. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 1533. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 1534. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 1535. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 1536. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1537. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1538. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1539. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1540. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1541. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1542. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1543. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1544. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1545. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1546. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1547. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1548. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1549. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1550. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1551. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1552. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1553. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1554. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1555. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1556. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1557. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1558. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1559. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1560. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1561. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1562. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1563. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1564. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1565. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1566. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1567. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1568. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1569. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1570. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1571. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1572. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1573. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1574. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1575. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1576. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1577. 3-fluoropropyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 1578. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 1579. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 1580. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 1581. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1582. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 1583. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 1584. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 1585. 3-fluoropropyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 1586. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1587. 3-fluoropropyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 1588. 3-fluoropropyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 1589. 3-fluoropropyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 1590. 3-fluoropropyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 1591. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 1592. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 1593. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1594. 3-fluoropropyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1595. 3-fluoropropyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 1596. 3-fluoropropyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 1597. 3-fluoropropyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 1598. 3-fluoropropyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 1599. 3-fluoropropyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 1600. 3-fluoropropyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 1601. 3-fluoropropyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 1602. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 1603. 3-fluoropropyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1604. 3-fluoropropyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 1605. 3-fluoropropyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1606. 3-fluoropropyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1607. 3-fluoropropyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 1608. 3-fluoropropyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 1609. 3-fluoropropyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1610. 3-fluoropropyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1611. 3-fluoropropyl thien-2-yl 1612. 3-fluoropropyl thien-3-yl 1613. 3-fluoropropyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 1614. 3-fluoropropyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 1615. 3-fluoropropyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 1616. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 1617. 3-fluoropropyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 1618. 3-fluoropropyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 1619. 3-fluoropropyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 1620. 3-fluoropropyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 1621. 3-fluoropropyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 1622. 3-fluoropropyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 1623. 3-fluoropropyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 1624. 3-fluoropropyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 1625. 3-fluoropropyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 1626. 3-fluoropropyl 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 1627. 3-fluoropropyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 1628. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1629. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1630. 3-fluoropropyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1631. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1632. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1633. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1634. 3-fluoropropyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1635. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1636. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 1637. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1638. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1639. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1640. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 1641. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1642. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1643. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1644. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5- methylthio-(1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1645. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1646. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1647. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1648. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1649. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1650. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1651. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1652. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1653. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1654. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1655. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1656. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1657. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)- thien-2-yl 1658. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1659. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1660. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1661. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1662. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1663. 3-fluoropropyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1664. 3-fluoropropyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1665. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1666. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1667. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1668. 3-fluoropropyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1669. 3-fluoropropyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1670. 3-fluoropropyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 1671. 3-fluoropropyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin- 2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 1672. 3-fluoropropyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid- 2-ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 1673. 3-fluoropropyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 1674. 3-fluoropropyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 1675. 3-fluoropropyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 1676. 3-fluoropropyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 1677. 3-fluoropropyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 1678. 3-fluoropropyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 1679. 3-fluoropropyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 1680. 3-fluoropropyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 1681. 3-fluoropropyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 1682. 3-fluoropropyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 1683. 3-fluoropropyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 1684. 3-fluoropropyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 1685. 3-fluoropropyl 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 1686. 3-fluoropropyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 1687. 3-fluoropropyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 1688. 3-fluoropropyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 1689. 3-fluoropropyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1690. 3-fluoropropyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 1691. 3-fluoropropyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1692. 3-fluoropropyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1693. 3-fluoropropyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1694. 3-fluoropropyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1695. 3-fluoropropyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 1696. 2-fluoroethyl 3-methylphenyl 1697. 2-fluoroethyl 3-ethylphenyl 1698. 2-fluoroethyl 3-propylphenyl 1699. 2-fluoroethyl 3-isopropylphenyl 1700. 2-fluoroethyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 1701. 2-fluoroethyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 1702. 2-fluoroethyl 3-isobutylphenyl 1703. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 1704. 2-fluoroethyl 3-vinylphenyl 1705. 2-fluoroethyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 1706. 2-fluoroethyl 3-fluorophenyl 1707. 2-fluoroethyl 3-chlorophenyl 1708. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromophenyl 1709. 2-fluoroethyl 3-iodophenyl 1710. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 1711. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 1712. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 1713. 2-fluoroethyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 1714. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1715. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1716. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1717. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1718. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 1719. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 1720. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 1721. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1722. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1723. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1724. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 1725. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 1726. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 1727. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1728. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1729. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1730. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1731. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1732. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1733. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1734. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1735. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1736. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1737. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 1738. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 1739. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 1740. 2-fluoroethyl 3-methoxyphenyl 1741. 2-fluoroethyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 1742. 2-fluoroethyl 3-propoxyphenyl 1743. 2-fluoroethyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 1744. 2-fluoroethyl 3-butoxyphenyl 1745. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1746. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1747. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 1748. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1749. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1750. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1751. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1752. 2-fluoroethyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 1753. 2-fluoroethyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 1754. 2-fluoroethyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 1755. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 1756. 2-fluoroethyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 1757. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 1758. 2-fluoroethyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 1759. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 1760. 2-fluoroethyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 1761. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 1762. 2-fluoroethyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1763. 2-fluoroethyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1764. 2-fluoroethyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1765. 2-fluoroethyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1766. 2-fluoroethyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1767. 2-fluoroethyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1768. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1769. 2-fluoroethyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1770. 2-fluoroethyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 1771. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 1772. 2-fluoroethyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 1773. 2-fluoroethyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 1774. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 1775. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 1776. 2-fluoroethyl 3-acetylphenyl 1777. 2-fluoroethyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 1778. 2-fluoroethyl 3-carboxyphenyl 1779. 2-fluoroethyl 3-cyanophenyl 1780. 2-fluoroethyl 3-nitrophenyl 1781. 2-fluoroethyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 1782. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 1783. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 1784. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 1785. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 1786. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1787. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1788. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1789. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 1790. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 1791. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 1792. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 1793. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 1794. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 1795. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 1796. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1797. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1798. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1799. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1800. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1801. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1802. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1803. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1804. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1805. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1806. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1807. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1808. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1809. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1810. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1811. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 1812. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 1813. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 1814. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1815. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1816. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1817. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1818. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1819. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1820. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1821. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1822. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1823. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1824. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1825. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1826. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1827. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1828. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1829. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1830. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1831. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1832. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1833. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1834. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1835. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1836. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1837. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1838. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1839. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1840. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1841. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1842. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1843. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 1844. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1845. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 1846. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1847. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1848. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1849. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1850. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1851. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1852. 2-fluoroethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1853. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 1854. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 1855. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 1856. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1857. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 1858. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 1859. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 1860. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1861. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 1862. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1863. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1864. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 1865. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 1866. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 1867. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 1868. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 1869. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 1870. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 1871. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 1872. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 1873. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 1874. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 1875. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1876. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1877. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1878. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1879. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1880. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1881. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1882. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1883. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1884. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1885. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1886. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1887. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1888. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1889. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1890. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1891. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1892. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1893. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1894. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1895. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1896. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1897. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1898. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1899. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1900. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1901. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1902. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1903. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1904. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1905. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 1906. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1907. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 1908. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1909. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1910. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1911. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1912. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1913. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 1914. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1915. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 1916. 2-fluoroethyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 1917. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 1918. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 1919. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 1920. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 1921. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 1922. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 1923. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 1924. 2-fluoroethyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 1925. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1926. 2-fluoroethyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 1927. 2-fluoroethyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 1928. 2-fluoroethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 1929. 2-fluoroethyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 1930. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 1931. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 1932. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1933. 2-fluoroethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 1934. 2-fluoroethyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 1935. 2-fluoroethyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 1936. 2-fluoroethyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 1937. 2-fluoroethyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 1938. 2-fluoroethyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 1939. 2-fluoroethyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 1940. 2-fluoroethyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 1941. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 1942. 2-fluoroethyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 1943. 2-fluoroethyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 1944. 2-fluoroethyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1945. 2-fluoroethyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1946. 2-fluoroethyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 1947. 2-fluoroethyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 1948. 2-fluoroethyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 1949. 2-fluoroethyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 1950. 2-fluoroethyl thien-2-yl 1951. 2-fluoroethyl thien-3-yl 1952. 2-fluoroethyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 1953. 2-fluoroethyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 1954. 2-fluoroethyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 1955. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 1956. 2-fluoroethyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 1957. 2-fluoroethyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 1958. 2-fluoroethyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 1959. 2-fluoroethyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 1960. 2-fluoroethyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 1961. 2-fluoroethyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 1962. 2-fluoroethyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 1963. 2-fluoroethyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 1964. 2-fluoroethyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 1965. 2-fluoroethyl 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 1966. 2-fluoroethyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 1967. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1968. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1969. 2-fluoroethyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1970. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1971. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 1972. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1973. 2-fluoroethyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1974. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 1975. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 1976. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1977. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1978. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1979. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 1980. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1981. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1982. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1983. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1984. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1985. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1986. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1987. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1988. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1989. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1990. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1991. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1992. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1993. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 1994. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1995. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 1996. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)- thien-2-yl 1997. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 1998. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 1999. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2000. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2001. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2002. 2-fluoroethyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2003. 2-fluoroethyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2004. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2005. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2006. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2007. 2-fluoroethyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2008. 2-fluoroethyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2009. 2-fluoroethyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 2010. 2-fluoroethyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin- 2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 2011. 2-fluoroethyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid- 2-ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 2012. 2-fluoroethyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 2013. 2-fluoroethyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 2014. 2-fluoroethyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 2015. 2-fluoroethyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 2016. 2-fluoroethyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 2017. 2-fluoroethyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 2018. 2-fluoroethyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 2019. 2-fluoroethyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 2020. 2-fluoroethyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 2021. 2-fluoroethyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 2022. 2-fluoroethyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 2023. 2-fluoroethyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 2024. 2-fluoroethyl 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 2025. 2-fluoroethyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 2026. 2-fluoroethyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 2027. 2-fluoroethyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 2028. 2-fluoroethyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2029. 2-fluoroethyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 2030. 2-fluoroethyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2031. 2-fluoroethyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2032. 2-fluoroethyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2033. 2-fluoroethyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2034. 2-fluoroethyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2035. cyclopropylmethyl 3-methylphenyl 2036. cyclopropylmethyl 3-ethylphenyl 2037. cyclopropylmethyl 3-propylphenyl 2038. cyclopropylmethyl 3-isopropylphenyl 2039. cyclopropylmethyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 2040. cyclopropylmethyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 2041. cyclopropylmethyl 3-isobutylphenyl 2042. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 2043. cyclopropylmethyl 3-vinylphenyl 2044. cyclopropylmethyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 2045. cyclopropylmethyl 3-fluorophenyl 2046. cyclopropylmethyl 3-chlorophenyl 2047. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromophenyl 2048. cyclopropylmethyl 3-iodophenyl 2049. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 2050. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 2051. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2052. cyclopropylmethyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2053. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2054. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2055. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2056. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2057. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 2058. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 2059. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 2060. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2061. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2062. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2063. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2064. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 2065. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 2066. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2067. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2068. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2069. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2070. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2071. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2072. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2073. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2074. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2075. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2076. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 2077. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 2078. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2079. cyclopropylmethyl 3-methoxyphenyl 2080. cyclopropylmethyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 2081. cyclopropylmethyl 3-propoxyphenyl 2082. cyclopropylmethyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 2083. cyclopropylmethyl 3-butoxyphenyl 2084. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2085. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2086. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2087. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2088. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2089. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2090. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2091. cyclopropylmethyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 2092. cyclopropylmethyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 2093. cyclopropylmethyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 2094. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 2095. cyclopropylmethyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 2096. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 2097. cyclopropylmethyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 2098. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 2099. cyclopropylmethyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 2100. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 2101. cyclopropylmethyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2102. cyclopropylmethyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2103. cyclopropylmethyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2104. cyclopropylmethyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2105. cyclopropylmethyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2106. cyclopropylmethyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2107. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2108. cyclopropylmethyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2109. cyclopropylmethyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 2110. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 2111. cyclopropylmethyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 2112. cyclopropylmethyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 2113. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2114. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 2115. cyclopropylmethyl 3-acetylphenyl 2116. cyclopropylmethyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 2117. cyclopropylmethyl 3-carboxyphenyl 2118. cyclopropylmethyl 3-cyanophenyl 2119. cyclopropylmethyl 3-nitrophenyl 2120. cyclopropylmethyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 2121. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 2122. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 2123. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 2124. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 2125. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2126. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2127. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2128. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2129. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 2130. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 2131. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 2132. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 2133. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 2134. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 2135. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2136. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2137. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2138. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2139. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2140. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2141. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2142. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2143. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2144. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2145. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2146. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2147. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2148. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2149. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2150. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 2151. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 2152. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 2153. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2154. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2155. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2156. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2157. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2158. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2159. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2160. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2161. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2162. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2163. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2164. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2165. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2166. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2167. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2168. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2169. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2170. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2171. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2172. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2173. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2174. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2175. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2176. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2177. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2178. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2179. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2180. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2181. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2182. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2183. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2184. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2185. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2186. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2187. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2188. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2189. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2190. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2191. cyclopropylmethyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2192. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2193. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 2194. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 2195. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2196. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 2197. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 2198. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 2199. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2200. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2201. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2202. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2203. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2204. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 2205. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 2206. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 2207. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 2208. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 2209. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 2210. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 2211. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 2212. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 2213. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 2214. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2215. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2216. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2217. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2218. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2219. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2220. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2221. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2222. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2223. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2224. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2225. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2226. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2227. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2228. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2229. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2230. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2231. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2232. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2233. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2234. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2235. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2236. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2237. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2238. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2239. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2240. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2241. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2242. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2243. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2244. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2245. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2246. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2247. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2248. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2249. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2250. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2251. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2252. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2253. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2254. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2255. cyclopropylmethyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 2256. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 2257. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 2258. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 2259. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2260. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 2261. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 2262. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 2263. cyclopropylmethyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 2264. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2265. cyclopropylmethyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 2266. cyclopropylmethyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 2267. cyclopropylmethyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 2268. cyclopropylmethyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 2269. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 2270. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 2271. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2272. cyclopropylmethyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2273. cyclopropylmethyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 2274. cyclopropylmethyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 2275. cyclopropylmethyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 2276. cyclopropylmethyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 2277. cyclopropylmethyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 2278. cyclopropylmethyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 2279. cyclopropylmethyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 2280. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 2281. cyclopropylmethyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2282. cyclopropylmethyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 2283. cyclopropylmethyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2284. cyclopropylmethyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2285. cyclopropylmethyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 2286. cyclopropylmethyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 2287. cyclopropylmethyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2288. cyclopropylmethyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2289. cyclopropylmethyl thien-2-yl 2290. cyclopropylmethyl thien-3-yl 2291. cyclopropylmethyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 2292. cyclopropylmethyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 2293. cyclopropylmethyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 2294. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 2295. cyclopropylmethyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 2296. cyclopropylmethyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 2297. cyclopropylmethyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 2298. cyclopropylmethyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 2299. cyclopropylmethyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 2300. cyclopropylmethyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 2301. cyclopropylmethyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 2302. cyclopropylmethyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 2303. cyclopropylmethyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 2304. cyclopropylmethyl 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 2305. cyclopropylmethyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 2306. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2307. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2308. cyclopropylmethyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2309. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2310. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2311. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2312. cyclopropylmethyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2313. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2314. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 2315. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2316. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2317. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2318. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 2319. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2320. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2321. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2322. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2323. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2324. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2325. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2326. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2327. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2328. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2329. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2330. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2331. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2332. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2333. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2334. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2335. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)-thien- 2-yl 2336. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2337. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2338. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2339. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2340. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2341. cyclopropylmethyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2342. cyclopropylmethyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2343. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2344. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2345. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2346. cyclopropylmethyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2347. cyclopropylmethyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2348. cyclopropylmethyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 2349. cyclopropylmethyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin- 2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 2350. cyclopropylmethyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 2351. cyclopropylmethyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 2352. cyclopropylmethyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 2353. cyclopropylmethyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 2354. cyclopropylmethyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 2355. cyclopropylmethyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 2356. cyclopropylmethyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 2357. cyclopropylmethyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 2358. cyclopropylmethyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 2359. cyclopropylmethyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 2360. cyclopropylmethyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 2361. cyclopropylmethyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 2362. cyclopropylmethyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 2363. cyclopropylmethyl 4-hydroxylthien-3-yl 2364. cyclopropylmethyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 2365. cyclopropylmethyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 2366. cyclopropylmethyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 2367. cyclopropylmethyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2368. cyclopropylmethyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 2369. cyclopropylmethyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2370. cyclopropylmethyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2371. cyclopropylmethyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2372. cyclopropylmethyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2373. cyclopropylmethyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2374. allyl 3-methylphenyl 2375. allyl 3-ethylphenyl 2376. allyl 3-propylphenyl 2377. allyl 3-isopropylphenyl 2378. allyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 2379. allyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 2380. allyl 3-isobutylphenyl 2381. allyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 2382. allyl 3-vinylphenyl 2383. allyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 2384. allyl 3-fluorophenyl 2385. allyl 3-chlorophenyl 2386. allyl 3-bromophenyl 2387. allyl 3-iodophenyl 2388. allyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 2389. allyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 2390. allyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2391. allyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2392. allyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2393. allyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2394. allyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2395. allyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2396. allyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 2397. allyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 2398. allyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 2399. allyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2400. allyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2401. allyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2402. allyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2403. allyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 2404. allyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 2405. allyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2406. allyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2407. allyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2408. allyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2409. allyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2410. allyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2411. allyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2412. allyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2413. allyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2414. allyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2415. allyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 2416. allyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 2417. allyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2418. allyl 3-methoxyphenyl 2419. allyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 2420. allyl 3-propoxyphenyl 2421. allyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 2422. allyl 3-butoxyphenyl 2423. allyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2424. allyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2425. allyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2426. allyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2427. allyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2428. allyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2429. allyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2430. allyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 2431. allyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 2432. allyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 2433. allyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 2434. allyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 2435. allyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 2436. allyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 2437. allyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 2438. allyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 2439. allyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 2440. allyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2441. allyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2442. allyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2443. allyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2444. allyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2445. allyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2446. allyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2447. allyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2448. allyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 2449. allyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 2450. allyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 2451. allyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 2452. allyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2453. allyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 2454. allyl 3-acetylphenyl 2455. allyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 2456. allyl 3-carboxyphenyl 2457. allyl 3-cyanophenyl 2458. allyl 3-nitrophenyl 2459. allyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 2460. allyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 2461. allyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 2462. allyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 2463. allyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 2464. allyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2465. allyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2466. allyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2467. allyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2468. allyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 2469. allyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 2470. allyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 2471. allyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 2472. allyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 2473. allyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 2474. allyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2475. allyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2476. allyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2477. allyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2478. allyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2479. allyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2480. allyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2481. allyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2482. allyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2483. allyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2484. allyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2485. allyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2486. allyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2487. allyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2488. allyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2489. allyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 2490. allyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 2491. allyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 2492. allyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2493. allyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2494. allyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2495. allyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2496. allyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2497. allyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2498. allyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2499. allyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2500. allyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2501. allyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2502. allyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2503. allyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2504. allyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2505. allyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2506. allyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2507. allyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2508. allyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2509. allyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2510. allyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2511. allyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2512. allyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2513. allyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2514. allyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2515. allyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2516. allyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2517. allyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2518. allyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2519. allyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2520. allyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2521. allyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2522. allyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2523. allyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2524. allyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2525. allyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2526. allyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2527. allyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2528. allyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2529. allyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2530. allyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2531. allyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2532. allyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 2533. allyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 2534. allyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2535. allyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 2536. allyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 2537. allyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 2538. allyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2539. allyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2540. allyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2541. allyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2542. allyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2543. allyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 2544. allyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 2545. allyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 2546. allyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 2547. allyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 2548. allyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 2549. allyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 2550. allyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 2551. allyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 2552. allyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 2553. allyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2554. allyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2555. allyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2556. allyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2557. allyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2558. allyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2559. allyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2560. allyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2561. allyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2562. allyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2563. allyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2564. allyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2565. allyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2566. allyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2567. allyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2568. allyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2569. allyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2570. allyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2571. allyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2572. allyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2573. allyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2574. allyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2575. allyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2576. allyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2577. allyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2578. allyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2579. allyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2580. allyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2581. allyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2582. allyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2583. allyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2584. allyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2585. allyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2586. allyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2587. allyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2588. allyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2589. allyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2590. allyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2591. allyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2592. allyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2593. allyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2594. allyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 2595. allyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 2596. allyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 2597. allyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 2598. allyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2599. allyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 2600. allyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 2601. allyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 2602. allyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 2603. allyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2604. allyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 2605. allyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 2606. allyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 2607. allyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 2608. allyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 2609. allyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 2610. allyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2611. allyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2612. allyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 2613. allyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 2614. allyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 2615. allyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 2616. allyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 2617. allyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 2618. allyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 2619. allyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 2620. allyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2621. allyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 2622. allyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2623. allyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2624. allyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 2625. allyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 2626. allyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2627. allyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2628. allyl thien-2-yl 2629. allyl thien-3-yl 2630. allyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 2631. allyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 2632. allyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 2633. allyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 2634. allyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 2635. allyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 2636. allyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 2637. allyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 2638. allyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 2639. allyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 2640. allyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 2641. allyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 2642. allyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 2643. allyl 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 2644. allyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 2645. allyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2646. allyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2647. allyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2648. allyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2649. allyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2650. allyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2651. allyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2652. allyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2653. allyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 2654. allyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2655. allyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2656. allyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2657. allyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 2658. allyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2659. allyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2660. allyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2661. allyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2662. allyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2663. allyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2664. allyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2665. allyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2666. allyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2667. allyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2668. allyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2669. allyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2670. allyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2671. allyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2672. allyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2673. allyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2674. allyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)-thien- 2-yl 2675. allyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2676. allyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2677. allyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2678. allyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2679. allyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2680. allyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2681. allyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2682. allyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2683. allyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2684. allyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2685. allyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2686. allyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2687. allyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 2688. allyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin- 2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 2689. allyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 2690. allyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 2691. allyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 2692. allyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 2693. allyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 2694. allyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 2695. allyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 2696. allyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 2697. allyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 2698. allyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 2699. allyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 2700. allyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 2701. allyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 2702. allyl 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 2703. allyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 2704. allyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 2705. allyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 2706. allyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2707. allyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 2708. allyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2709. allyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2710. allyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2711. allyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2712. allyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 2713. benzyl 3-methylphenyl 2714. benzyl 3-ethylphenyl 2715. benzyl 3-propylphenyl 2716. benzyl 3-isopropylphenyl 2717. benzyl 3-sec-butylphenyl 2718. benzyl 3-tert-butylphenyl 2719. benzyl 3-isobutylphenyl 2720. benzyl 3-(1,1-dimethylpropyl)-phenyl 2721. benzyl 3-vinylphenyl 2722. benzyl 3-isopropenylphenyl 2723. benzyl 3-fluorophenyl 2724. benzyl 3-chlorophenyl 2725. benzyl 3-bromophenyl 2726. benzyl 3-iodophenyl 2727. benzyl 3-(fluoromethyl)phenyl 2728. benzyl 3-(difluoromethyl)phenyl 2729. benzyl 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2730. benzyl 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenyl 2731. benzyl 3-(1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2732. benzyl 3-((S)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2733. benzyl 3-((R)-1-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2734. benzyl 3-(2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2735. benzyl 3-(1,1-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 2736. benzyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethyl)-phenyl 2737. benzyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl)-phenyl 2738. benzyl 3-(3-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2739. benzyl 3-(2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2740. benzyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2741. benzyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropropyl)-phenyl 2742. benzyl 3-(3,3-difluoropropyl)-phenyl 2743. benzyl 3-(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)-phenyl 2744. benzyl 3-(1-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2745. benzyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2746. benzyl 3-((S)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2747. benzyl 3-((R)-2-fluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2748. benzyl 3-(2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2749. benzyl 3-((S)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2750. benzyl 3-((R)-2,2-difluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2751. benzyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2752. benzyl 3-((S)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2753. benzyl 3-((R)-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2754. benzyl 3-(2-fluoro-1-fluoromethylethyl)-phenyl 2755. benzyl 3-(1-difluoromethyl-2,2-difluoroethyl)- phenyl 2756. benzyl 3-(1,1-dimethyl-2-fluoroethyl)-phenyl 2757. benzyl 3-methoxyphenyl 2758. benzyl 3-ethoxyphenyl 2759. benzyl 3-propoxyphenyl 2760. benzyl 3-isopropoxyphenyl 2761. benzyl 3-butoxyphenyl 2762. benzyl 3-(fluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2763. benzyl 3-(difluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2764. benzyl 3-(trifluoromethoxy)-phenyl 2765. benzyl 3-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2766. benzyl 3-(2,2-difluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2767. benzyl 3-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2768. benzyl 3-(1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2769. benzyl 3-cyclopropylphenyl 2770. benzyl 3-cyclobutylphenyl 2771. benzyl 3-cyclopentylphenyl 2772. benzyl 3-(2,2-difluorocyclopropyl)-phenyl 2773. benzyl 3,4-difluorophenyl 2774. benzyl 3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl 2775. benzyl 2-bromo-3-fluorophenyl 2776. benzyl 3-bromo-2,5-difluorophenyl 2777. benzyl 5-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 2778. benzyl 3-bromo-2,4-difluorophenyl 2779. benzyl 4-chloro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2780. benzyl 2-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2781. benzyl 2-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2782. benzyl 4-fluoro-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2783. benzyl 3-fluoro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2784. benzyl 4-bromo-3-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2785. benzyl 3-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2786. benzyl 2-bromo-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2787. benzyl 5-bromo-2-methoxyphenyl 2788. benzyl 3-bromo-4-methoxyphenyl 2789. benzyl 2-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 2790. benzyl 4-fluoro-3-isopropylphenyl 2791. benzyl 3-(1-hydroxy-1-methylethyl)-phenyl 2792. benzyl 3-(2-hydroxy-2-methylpropyl)-phenyl 2793. benzyl 3-acetylphenyl 2794. benzyl 3-acetylaminophenyl 2795. benzyl 3-carboxyphenyl 2796. benzyl 3-cyanophenyl 2797. benzyl 3-nitrophenyl 2798. benzyl 3-hydroxyphenyl 2799. benzyl 3-(O-benzyl)-phenyl 2800. benzyl 3-(2-methoxyethoxy)-phenyl 2801. benzyl 3-(CH₂—N(CH₃)₂)-phenyl 2802. benzyl 3-(NH—CO—NH₂)-phenyl 2803. benzyl 3-(methylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2804. benzyl 3-(fluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2805. benzyl 3-(difluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2806. benzyl 3-(trifluoromethylsulfanyl)-phenyl 2807. benzyl 3-(methylsulfonyl)-phenyl 2808. benzyl 3-(N-methoxy-N-methyl-amino)-phenyl 2809. benzyl 3-(methoxyamino)-phenyl 2810. benzyl 3-(ethoxyamino)-phenyl 2811. benzyl 3-(N-methylaminooxy)-phenyl 2812. benzyl 3-(N,N-dimethylaminooxy)-phenyl 2813. benzyl 3-(azetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2814. benzyl 3-(2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2815. benzyl 3-((S)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2816. benzyl 3-((R)-2-methylazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2817. benzyl 3-(3-fluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2818. benzyl 3-(2,2-difluoroazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2819. benzyl 3-(3-methoxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2820. benzyl 3-(3-hydroxyazetidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2821. benzyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2822. benzyl 3-(pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2823. benzyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2824. benzyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2825. benzyl 3-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2826. benzyl 3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2827. benzyl 3-((R)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2828. benzyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 2829. benzyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 2830. benzyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 2831. benzyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2832. benzyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2833. benzyl 3-(2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2834. benzyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2835. benzyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2836. benzyl 3-(3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2837. benzyl 3-((S)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2838. benzyl 3-((R)-3-fluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2839. benzyl 3-(2,2-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2840. benzyl 3-(3,3-difluoropyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2841. benzyl 3-(2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2842. benzyl 3-((S)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2843. benzyl 3-((R)-2-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2844. benzyl 3-(3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2845. benzyl 3-((S)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2846. benzyl 3-((R)-3-methylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2847. benzyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2848. benzyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2849. benzyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2850. benzyl 3-(1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2851. benzyl 3-((S)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2852. benzyl 3-((R)-1-methylpyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2853. benzyl 3-(2,2-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2854. benzyl 3-(3,3-dimethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2855. benzyl 3-(2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2856. benzyl 3-((S)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2857. benzyl 3-((R)-2-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2858. benzyl 3-(3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2859. benzyl 3-((S)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2860. benzyl 3-((R)-3-trifluoromethylpyrrolidin-1-yl)- phenyl 2861. benzyl 3-(2-oxopyrrolidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2862. benzyl 3-(2-oxo-oxazolidin-3-yl)-phenyl 2863. benzyl 3-(piperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2864. benzyl 3-(2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2865. benzyl 3-((S)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2866. benzyl 3-((R)-2-methylpiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2867. benzyl 3-(2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2868. benzyl 3-((S)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2869. benzyl 3-((R)-2-fluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2870. benzyl 3-(2,2-difluoropiperidin-1-yl)-phenyl 2871. benzyl 3-(piperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 2872. benzyl 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)-phenyl 2873. benzyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2874. benzyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)- phenyl 2875. benzyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-methoxyphenyl 2876. benzyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-4-methoxyphenyl 2877. benzyl 5-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2878. benzyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2,4-difluorophenyl 2879. benzyl 3-(thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2880. benzyl 3-(1-oxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2881. benzyl 3-(1,1-dioxo-thiomorpholin-4-yl)-phenyl 2882. benzyl 3-(pyrrol-1-yl)-phenyl 2883. benzyl 3-(pyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 2884. benzyl 3-(pyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 2885. benzyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)-phenyl 2886. benzyl 3-(1-methylpyrrol-3-yl)-phenyl 2887. benzyl 3-(furan-2-yl)-phenyl 2888. benzyl 3-(furan-3-yl)-phenyl 2889. benzyl 3-(thiophen-2-yl)-phenyl 2890. benzyl 3-(thiophen-3-yl)-phenyl 2891. benzyl 3-(5-propylthien-2-yl)-phenyl 2892. benzyl 3-(pyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2893. benzyl 3-(pyrazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2894. benzyl 3-(pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2895. benzyl 3-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2896. benzyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2897. benzyl 3-(1-ethyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2898. benzyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-pyrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2899. benzyl 3-(1H-imidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2900. benzyl 3-(imidazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2901. benzyl 3-(1-methylimidazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2902. benzyl 3-(oxazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2903. benzyl 3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2904. benzyl 3-(oxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2905. benzyl 3-(isoxazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2906. benzyl 3-(isoxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2907. benzyl 3-(isoxazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2908. benzyl 3-(thiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2909. benzyl 3-(thiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2910. benzyl 3-(thiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2911. benzyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2912. benzyl 3-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2913. benzyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2914. benzyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2915. benzyl 3-([1,2,3]-triazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2916. benzyl 3-(4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2917. benzyl 3-([1,2,4]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2918. benzyl 3-(2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2919. benzyl 3-(4-methyl-4H-[1,2,4]-triazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2920. benzyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-[1,2,3]-triazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2921. benzyl 3-([1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2922. benzyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,3,4]-oxadiazol-2-yl)-phenyl 2923. benzyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2924. benzyl 3-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]-oxadiazol-3-yl)-phenyl 2925. benzyl 3-([1,2,4]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2926. benzyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2927. benzyl 3-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2928. benzyl 3-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2929. benzyl 3-(1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2930. benzyl 3-(tetrazol-1-yl)-phenyl 2931. benzyl 3-(2-methyl-2H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2932. benzyl 3-(1-methyl-1H-tetrazol-5-yl)-phenyl 2933. benzyl 3-furazan-3-yl-phenyl 2934. benzyl 3-(pyrid-2-yl)-phenyl 2935. benzyl 3-(pyrid-3-yl)-phenyl 2936. benzyl 3-(pyrid-4-yl)-phenyl 2937. benzyl 3-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-phenyl 2938. benzyl 3-(2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 2939. benzyl 3-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-phenyl 2940. benzyl 3-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-phenyl 2941. benzyl 5-bromopyridin-3-yl 2942. benzyl 3-bromo-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2943. benzyl 4-methylpyridin-2-yl 2944. benzyl 6-methylpyridin-2-yl 2945. benzyl 4-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 2946. benzyl 6-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-2-yl 2947. benzyl 5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyridin-3-yl 2948. benzyl 5-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-pyridin-3-yl 2949. benzyl 3-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2950. benzyl 3-(morpholin-4-yl)-2-chloropyridin-5-yl 2951. benzyl 2-(morpholin-4-yl)-pyridin-5-yl 2952. benzyl 2-phenoxypyridin-5-yl 2953. benzyl 2,3-dichlorophenyl 2954. benzyl 2,5-dichlorophenyl 2955. benzyl 3,5-dichlorophenyl 2956. benzyl 3-chloro-4-fluorophenyl 2957. benzyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorophenyl 2958. benzyl 3-bromo-4-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl 2959. benzyl 3,5-dibromo-4-(2-fluoroethoxy)-phenyl 2960. benzyl 2,5-dimethylphenyl 2961. benzyl 2,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2962. benzyl 3,5-di-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2963. benzyl 2,5-dimethoxyphenyl 2964. benzyl 2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl 2965. benzyl 2-methoxy-5-(trifluoromethyl)-phenyl 2966. benzyl 4-fluoro-3-(oxazol-4-yl)-phenyl 2967. benzyl thien-2-yl 2968. benzyl thien-3-yl 2969. benzyl 3-chlorothien-2-yl 2970. benzyl 4-chlorothien-2-yl 2971. benzyl 5-chlorothien-2-yl 2972. benzyl 3-bromothien-2-yl 2973. benzyl 4-bromothien-2-yl 2974. benzyl 5-bromothien-2-yl 2975. benzyl 4,5-dichlorothien-2-yl 2976. benzyl 4,5-dibromothien-2-yl 2977. benzyl 4-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 2978. benzyl 3-bromo-5-chlorothien-2-yl 2979. benzyl 5-methylthien-2-yl 2980. benzyl 5-ethylthien-2-yl 2981. benzyl 5-propylthien-2-yl 2982. benzyl 5-trifluoromethylthien-2-yl 2983. benzyl 5-phenylthien-2-yl 2984. benzyl 5-(pyrid-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 2985. benzyl 5-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2986. benzyl 4-(phenylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2987. benzyl 5-(pyrid-2-ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2988. benzyl 5-(3-chloro-5-trifluoro-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl)-thien-2-yl 2989. benzyl 5-(benzoylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2990. benzyl 5-((4-chlorobenzoyl)aminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2991. benzyl 5-(acetylaminomethyl)-thien-2-yl 2992. benzyl 5-(pyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 2993. benzyl 5-(pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2994. benzyl 5-(pyrazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 2995. benzyl 5-(pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2996. benzyl 5-(4-fluoropyrazol-1-yl)-thien-2-yl 2997. benzyl 5-(1-methyl-5-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 2998. benzyl 5-(1-methyl-3-trifluoromethyl-(1H)- pyrazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 2999. benzyl 5-(4-carboxy-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 3000. benzyl 5-(4-aminomethyl-1-methyl-5-methylthio- (1H)-pyrazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 3001. benzyl 5-(isoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 3002. benzyl 5-(isoxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3003. benzyl 5-(isoxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 3004. benzyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisoxazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 3005. benzyl 5-(oxazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 3006. benzyl 5-(oxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3007. benzyl 5-(oxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 3008. benzyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3009. benzyl 5-(2-methyloxazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 3010. benzyl 5-(isothiazol-3-yl)-thien-2-yl 3011. benzyl 5-(isothiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3012. benzyl 5-(isothiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 3013. benzyl 5-(5-trifluoromethylisothiazol-3-yl)- thien-2-yl 3014. benzyl 5-(thiazol-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 3015. benzyl 5-(thiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3016. benzyl 5-(thiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 3017. benzyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3018. benzyl 5-(2-methylthiazol-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 3019. benzyl 5-([1,2,3]-oxadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3020. benzyl 5-([1,2,3]-thiadiazol-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3021. benzyl 5-(pyrimidin-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 3022. benzyl 5-(pyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3023. benzyl 5-(pyrimidin-5-yl)-thien-2-yl 3024. benzyl 5-(2-methylthiopyrimidin-4-yl)-thien-2-yl 3025. benzyl 5-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl 3026. benzyl 3-([1,3]-dioxolan-2-yl)-thien-2-yl thien-2-yl 3027. benzyl 5-((3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)- pyridin-2-yl)-methyl)-thien-2-yl 3028. benzyl 5-[3-chloro-5-(trifluoromethyl)-pyrid-2- ylsulfonyl]-thien-2-yl 3029. benzyl 2-chlorothien-3-yl 3030. benzyl 4-chlorothien-3-yl 3031. benzyl 5-chlorothien-3-yl 3032. benzyl 2-bromothien-3-yl 3033. benzyl 4-bromothien-3-yl 3034. benzyl 5-bromothien-3-yl 3035. benzyl 2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 3036. benzyl 2,5-dibromothien-3-yl 3037. benzyl 2,4,5-trichlorothien-3-yl 3038. benzyl 4-bromo-2,5-dichlorothien-3-yl 3039. benzyl 2-chloro-5-methylsulfonylthien-3-yl 3040. benzyl 2,5-dimethylthien-3-yl 3041. benzyl 4-hydroxythien-3-yl 3042. benzyl 2-phenylthien-3-yl 3043. benzyl 4-phenyl-5-(trofluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 3044. benzyl 2-methoxycarbonyl-4-phenyl-5- (trifluoromethyl)-thien-3-yl 3045. benzyl benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 3046. benzyl benzo[b]thiophen-3-yl 3047. benzyl 3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 3048. benzyl 5-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 3049. benzyl 5-fluoro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 3050. benzyl 5-chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl 3051. benzyl 5-bromo-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophen-2-yl

Compounds I of the present invention can be synthesized as outlined in the synthetic routes A, B and C below.

In scheme 1, A, Ar, G, n, R², and R⁴ are as defined above. R′ is either R¹ or is a precursor of R¹.

Route A

In route A, the amino compound (II-1) is reacted with a suitable sulfonic acid derivative to give the sulfonamide (I-1) (E=NH). A suitable sulfonic acid derivative is e.g. the sulfonyl chloride Ar—SO₂Cl. The sulfonation reaction is preferably carried out in the presence of a base, according to standard procedures in the art. In the reaction depicted in the above scheme 1, the sulfonation takes place under the reaction conditions which are customary for preparing arylsulfonamide compounds or arylsulfonic esters, respectively, and which are described, for example, in J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 3^(rd) edition, John Wiley & Sons, New York, 1985 page 444ff and the literature cited therein, European J. Org. Chem. 2002 (13), pp. 2094-2108, Tetrahedron 2001, 57 (27) pp. 5885-5895, Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2000, 10(8), pp. 835-838 and Synthesis 2000 (1), pp. 103-108. The reaction customarily takes place in an inert solvent, for example in an ether, such as diethyl ether, diisopropyl ether, methyl tert-butyl ether or tetrahydrofuran, a halohydrocarbon, such as dichloromethane, an aliphatic or cycloaliphatic hydrocarbon, such as pentane, hexane or cyclohexane, or an aromatic hydrocarbon, such as toluene, xylene, cumene and the like, or in a mixture of the abovementioned solvents. The reaction with Cl—SO₂—Ar is customarily carried out in the presence of an auxiliary base. Suitable bases are inorganic bases, such as sodium carbonate or potassium carbonate, or sodium hydrogen-carbonate or potassium hydrogencarbonate, and organic bases, for example trialkylamines, such as triethylamine, or pyridine compounds, such as pyridine, lutidine and the like. The latter compounds can at the same time serve as solvents. The auxiliary base is customarily employed in at least equimolar quantities, based on the amine compound (II-1).

Prior to the sulfonation reaction, the radical NH₂ can be converted into a NR^(5′) group, in which R^(5′) has the meanings different from hydrogen which are specified for R⁵ (not shown in scheme 1).

If in the resulting sulfonamide (I′-1) R′ is not the desired radical R¹ but a precursor thereof, the compound can be modified as outlined below to obtain the desired substituent R¹. A precursor is a radical which can be easily removed and replaced by the desired group R¹ or which can be modified to give R¹. The precursor can also be an N-protective group.

If R′ is allyl, the allyl group can be cleaved to obtain a compound wherein R′ is hydrogen. The cleavage of the allyl group is achieved, for example, by reacting compound (I′-1) [R′=allyl] with an allyl trapping agent, such as mercaptobenzoic acid or 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, in the presence of catalytic quantities of palladium (0) compounds or palladium compounds which are able to form a palladium(0) compound under reaction conditions, e.g. palladium dichloride, tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(0) or tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0), advantageously in combination with phosphine ligands, e.g. triarylphosphines, such as triphenylphosphine, trialkylphosphines, such as tributylphosphine, and cycloalkylphosphines, such as tricyclohexylphosphine, and especially with phosphine chelate ligands, such as 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthyl or 1,4-bis(diphenylphosphino)butane, using methods known from the literature (with regard to eliminating N-allyl in the presence of mercaptobenzoic acid, see WO 94/24088; with regard to eliminating in the presence of 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid, see J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2001, 123 (28), pp. 6801-6808 and J. Org. Chem. 2002, 67(11) pp. 3718-3723). Alternatively, the cleavage of N-allyl can also be effected by reacting in the presence of rhodium compounds, such as tris(triphenylphosphine)chlororhodium(I), using methods known from the literature (see J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Transaction I: Organic and Bio-Organic Chemistry 1999 (21) pp. 3089-3104 and Tetrahedron Asymmetry 1997, 8(20), pp. 3387-3391).

If R′ is benzyl, this substituent may also be cleaved to obtain a compound (I′-1) wherein R′ is H. The reaction conditions for the cleavage are known in the art. Typically, the benzyl group is removed by a hydrogenation reaction in the presence of a suitable Pd catalyst, such as Pd on carbon or palladium hydroxide.

R′ can also be a protective group. The protective group may be removed to yield a compound (I′-1) wherein R′ is H. Suitable protective groups are known in the art and are, for example, selected from tert-butoxycarbonyl (boc), benzyloxycarbonyl (Cbz), 9-fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl (Fmoc), triphenylmethyl (Trt) and nitrobenzenesulfenyl (Nps). A preferred protective group is boc. The protective groups can be removed by known methods, such as treatment of the protected amine with an acid, e.g halogen acid, such as HCl or HBr, or trifluoroacetic acid, or by hydrogenation, optionally in the presence of a Pd catalyst.

The resulting compound, wherein R′ is H, can then be reacted, in a known manner, in the sense of an alkylation, with a compound R¹—X. In this compound, R¹ is C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₄-haloalkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy-C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl-C₁-C₄-alkyl and X is a nucleophilically displaceable leaving group, e.g. halogen, trifluoroacetate, alkylsulfonate, arylsulfonate, alkyl sulfate and the like. The reaction conditions which are required for the alkylation have been adequately disclosed, e.g. in Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Lett. 2002, 12(7), pp. 2443-2446 and also 2002, 12(5), pp. 1917-1919.

The alkylation can also be achieved, in the sense of a reductive amination, by reacting the compound (I′-1), wherein R′═H, with a suitable ketone or aldehyde in the presence of a reducing agent, e.g. in the presence of a borohydride such as sodium borohydride, sodium cyanoborohydride or sodium triacetoxyborohydride. The skilled person is familiar with the reaction conditions which are required for a reductive amination, e.g. from Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Lett. 2002, 12(5), pp. 795-798 and 12(7) pp. 1269-1273.

In case R′ is hydrogen, the resulting sulfonamide (I′-1) can further be reacted with an acyl halide to obtain a compound of the formula I wherein R¹ is C₁-C₃-alkylcarbonyl. The carbonyl group in these compounds can be reduced with diborane to obtain compounds of the general formula I, wherein R¹ is C₂-C₄-alkyl. The carbonyl group can also be reacted with a fluorinating agent to obtain a compound I wherein R¹ is 1,1-difluoroalkyl. Acylation and reduction can be achieved by standard methods, which are discussed in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 3rd ed. J. Wiley & Sons, New York 1985, p. 370 and 373 (acylation) and p. 1099 f. and in the literature cited in this publication (with regard to acylation, see also Synth. Commun. 1986, 16, p. 267, and with regard to reduction, see also J. Heterocycl. Chem. 1979, 16, p. 1525).

Route B

In route B, the bromo substituted compound (II-2) is reacted with an appropriate sulfonamide ArSO₂NHR⁵ to give the sulfonamide (I′-1). The reaction is generally carried out under activating conditions, e.g. under microwave conditions. Pd, especially Pd(0), or Cu catalysts may also be used for coupling (see, e.g. Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 1101; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 6043; Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 4373; Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44, 3385). Examples for suitable Pd (O) catalysts are tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)-palladium(0) and Pd₂(dba)₃ (tris(dibenzylideneacetone)-dipalladium(0)), which are customarily used in the presence of a tri(substituted)phosphine, e.g. a triarylphosphine such as triphenylphosphine, tritolylphosphine or xantphos, tri(cyclo)alkylphosphine such as tris-n-butylphosphine, tris(tert.-butyl)phosphine or tris(cyclohexylphosphine). This route is especially useful in cases where the corresponding sulfonyl chloride is not available.

Alternatively, the bromo substituent may be replaced by an amino substituent, e.g. by reacting with a benzophenone imine or with lithium bis(trimethylsilyl)amide in the presence of a palladium(0) compound such as tris(dibenzylideneacetone)dipalladium(0) in the presence of a tri(substituted)phosphine, e.g. a triarylphosphine such as triphenylphosphine or tritolylphosphine, tri(cyclo)alkylphosphine such as tris-n-butylphosphine, tris(tert.-butyl)phosphine or tris(cyclohexylphosphine), preferably in the presence of a base such as sodium hydride according to the method described in, e.g., J. Org. Chem., 68 (2993) pp 8274-8276, or J. Org. Chem. 2000, 65, 2612. The resulting amino compound may then be subjected to the sulfonation reaction of route A.

Route C

In route C, compound (II-3) is reacted with a mercapto compound HS—Ar in the presence of a base, such as sodium hydride or sodium alkoxide or with an alkali metal salt thereof thereby yielding a thioether compound. The thioether moiety is then oxidized to a sulfone moiety, e.g. by oxone, to yield the sulfone (I′-2).

The substituent Ar can be varied by either using different sulfonyl chlorides or by modifying the substituents of the group Ar after the formation of the sulfonamide (I′-1) or the sulfone (I′-2) by known methods. For example, a bromine substituent of the Ar group may be replaced by an N-bound pyrrolidinyl group according to the procedure described in Tetrahedron Asym. 1999, 10, 1831. This Pd-mediated coupling is generally applicable to all nitrogen-containing heterocycles such as azetidinyl, pyrazolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl and the like. The reaction is also applicable to heterocyclic compounds carrying one or more substituents such as halogen, alkyl or fluorinated alkyl. A bromine substituent of the Ar group may further be replaced by an isopropenyl group according to a Stille coupling where the bromo compound is reacted with an alkenyl tributyl stannate in the presence of an appropriate Pd coupling catalyst, e.g. tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium(0) (see, e.g. Tetrahedron, 2003, 59(34), 6545 and Bioorg. Med. Chem. 1999, 7(5), 665). The isopropenyl group may then be converted into the isopropyl group by known hydrogenation methods.

Compounds of formula (II) (II-1, II-2 and II-3) can be synthesized by as shown below.

1. Synthesis of Compounds (II-1)

In scheme 2, A, G, n and R′ are as defined above.

The conversion of the acid (III) into its methyl ester (IV) is performed by standard techniques, e.g. as described in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, John Wiley, 3^(rd) edition, page 348ff. For instance, the acid is transformed into the corresponding acid chloride, e.g by reacting it with SOCl₂. The chloride is then converted into the ester by reaction with methanol.

The reduction in step (ii) is suitably carried out under standard conditions for the conversion of carboxylic esters into alcohols. Appropriate reaction conditions and reducing agents are described, e.g. in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, John Wiley, 3^(rd) edition, page 1093ff. Typical reducing agents are metal hydrides and complex hydrides. Examples of suitable metal hydrides include BH₃, 9-BBN, AlH₃ and AlH(i-Bu)₂ (DIBAL-H), suitably in the presence of complexing solvents, such as tetrahydrofuran and diethylether. Complex hydrides are e.g. NaBH₄, LiAlH₄ and LiAlH(OR)₃, where R is C₁-C₄-alkyl, such as methyl, ethyl, isobutyl or tert-butyl. A preferred reducing agent is LiAlH₄. The reduction is suitably carried out in complexing solvents, such as open-chain and cyclic ethers, e.g. tetrahydrofuran, diethyl ether, dipropyl ether, diisopropyl ether, dibutyl ether and methylbutyl ether. A preferred solvent is tetrahydrofuran.

In the mesylation step (iii), the alcohol functionality is converted into a better leaving group. The mesylation is performed under standard conditions, e.g. by reacting the alcohol with methansulfonyl chloride in the presence of a base. Suitable bases are, among others, alkyl amines, such as diethyl amine, triethyl amine and ethyldiisopropyl amine. In this step, other functionalities representing good leaving groups, such as trifluoroacetate, other alkylsulfonates, arylsulfonates, e.g. tosylates, alkyl sulfates and the like tosylate, may be introduced instead of the methansulfonyl group.

In the cyclisation step (iv), compound (VI) or a suitable derivative thereof is reacted with a primary amine NH₂R′. In case the primary amine is a liquid, it may also be used as solvent, no further solvent being necessary. If the amine is visquous or a solid, the reaction is advantageously carried out in a suitable solvent.

The reaction of step (v) takes place under the reaction conditions which are customary for a nitration reaction on an aromatic radical and which are described, for example, in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, John Wiley, 3^(rd) edition, page 468ff, Tetrahedron 1999, 55(33), pp. 10243-10252, J. Med. Chem. 1997, 40(22), pp. 3679-3686 and Synthetic Communications, 1993, 23(5), pp. 591-599. For example, compound (VII) is reacted with concentrated nitric acid or a nitrate, such as potassium or sodium nitrate, in the presence of concentrated sulfuric acid. The resulting product (VII) may in the form of different regioisomers (e.g. ortho, meta or para, if A is phenyl or a 6-membered hetaryl. In the case of A being phenyl or a 6-membered hetaryl, the paranitro compound generally predominates. However, some ortho product may also be obtained, whereas the meta product is not produced at all or only in neglectable amounts. By separating ortho and para products, compounds of formula I, wherein A is 1,4-bound phenyl, are accessible via the reaction path shown in scheme 2.

In step (vi), the nitro group in (VII) is reduced to an NH₂ group. Subsequently, the NH₂ group can be converted into a —NR⁵ group, in which R⁵ has the meanings different from hydrogen which are specified for R⁵. The reaction conditions which are required for step (vi) correspond to the customary conditions for reducing aromatic nitro groups which have been described extensively in the literature (see, for example, J. March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, 3rd ed., J. Wiley & Sons, New-York, 1985, p. 1183 and the literature cited in this reference). The reduction is achieved, for example, by reacting the nitro compound VII with a metal such as iron, zinc or tin under acidic reaction conditions, i.e. using nascent hydrogen, or using a complex hydride such as lithium aluminum hydride or sodium borohydride, preferably in the presence of transition metal compounds of nickel or cobalt such as NiCl₂(P(phenyl)₃)₂, or COCl₂, (see Ono et al. Chem. Ind. (London), 1983 p. 480), or using NaBH₂S₃ (see Lalancette et al. Can. J. Chem. 49, 1971, p. 2990), with it being possible to carry out these reductions, depending on the given reagent, in substance or in a solvent or diluent. Alternatively, the reduction can be carried out with hydrogen in the presence of a transition metal catalyst, e.g. using hydrogen in the presence of catalysts based on platinum, palladium, nickel, ruthenium or rhodium. The catalysts can contain the transition metal in elemental form or in the form of a complex compound, of a salt or of an oxide of the transition metal, with it being possible, for the purpose of modifying the activity, to use customary coligands, e.g. organic phosphine compounds, such as triphenylphosphine, tricyclohexylphosphine or tri-n-butylphosphines or phosphites. The catalyst is customarily employed in quantities of from 0.001 to 1 mol per mol of nitro compound, calculated as catalyst metal. In a preferred variant, the reduction is effected using tin(II) chloride in analogy with the methods described in Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters, 2002, 12(15), pp. 1917-1919 and J. Med. Chem. 2002, 45(21), pp. 4679-4688. The reaction of VII with tin(II) chloride is preferably carried out in an inert organic solvent, preferably an alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, isopropanol or butanol.

For compounds, wherein n is 1 and A is phenylene (i.e. (I) is N-(pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenylsulfonamide), starting compound (III) is e.g. commercially available (S) or (R) phenylsuccinic acid or a racemic mixture thereof. By starting from enantiomerically pure (S)- or (R)-compound (III), pure (S)- or (R) may be obtained:

a) (S) Isomer

In step (i), commercially available (S)-phenylsuccinic acid (II-S) is converted into the methyl ester (III); this is reduced to the alcohol (IV) which is reacted with methylsulfonylchloride. Cyclisation with a primary amine gives the phenyl pyrrolidine (VI). The phenyl group is first nitrated, then the nitro group is reduced to an amino function which is reacted with a sulfonyl chloride to give the desired sulfonyl amide (I′-S).

a) (R) Isomer

The (R)-isomer can be obtained in an analogous way starting from commercially available (R)-phenylsuccinic acid (III-R):

c) Isomeric Mixtures

Isomeric mixtures of compound I′-S and I′-R can be obtained by starting from racemic III or from a mixture of II-S and III-R.

The skilled person will appreciate that the synthesis described in scheme 2 is also suitable for the preparation of compounds (II) and consequently for compounds (I), wherein R², R³ and R⁴ are different from H, e.g. by starting from the correspondingly substituted compound (III). The same applies to the synthesis of enantiomerically pure (I) which can be synthesized by starting from the corresponding enantiomer (III).

2. Synthesis of Compounds (II-2)

Compounds of formula (II-2) can be synthesized by carrying out in step (v) of scheme 2 a halogenation instead of a nitration. Halogenation reactions of aryl and hetaryl groups are widespread standard methods and are, e.g., discussed in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, John Wiley, 3^(rd) edition page 476 ff.

3. Synthesis of Compounds (II-3)

The synthesis of these compounds also belongs to standard reaction methods and can be performed by monohalogenating the methyl group of a methyl-substituted aryl or hetaryl compound.

4. Synthesis of Enantiomerically Pure Compounds I

In addition to the method described in item 1, enantiomerically pure compounds (I) can also be obtained by applying standard resolution techniques to suitable precursors thereof. For instance, compound VIII (see scheme 2 above) or compounds (II-2) or (II-3) (see scheme 1 above), wherein R′ is a suitable protective group, such as benzyl, may be reacted with tartric acid or a derivative thereof (e.g. diethyltartrate, dipropyltartrate, diisopropyltartrate, etc.) to afford two diasteromeric salts. These can be separated in a customary manner, e.g. by extraction or chromatographic methods or preferably by fractionated crystallization. The thus separated diastereomeric salts are then converted into enantiomerically pure compounds VIII, II-2 or II-3 by reacting the salts with a suitable base to afford the S- or R-enantiomers of compounds VIII, II-2 or II-3. Suitable bases are, e.g., alkali metal hydroxides, such as potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, such as magnesium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide, alkali metal carbonates, such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, alkaline earth metal carbonates, such as magnesium carbonate and calcium carbonate, alkali metal oxides such as sodium oxide and potassium oxide, and alkaline earth metal oxides, such as magnesium oxide and calcium oxide; organice bases, such as alkoholates, e.g. sodium methanolate, sodium ethanolate or sodium-tert-butanolate, amines, such as dimethylamine, trimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, dipropylamine, tripropylamine, diisopropylamine, diisopropylethylamine and the like, and nitrogen-containing basic heterocyclic compounds, such as pyridine, picoline und lutidine.

5. Specific Syntheses 5.1 Synthesis of Compounds, wherein n is 1 (Pyrrolidinyl Sulfone Derivatives) 5.1.1

In scheme 3, A and R³ are as defined above.

The pyrrolidine ring is also available by a [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition of a non-stabilized azomethine ylid to a 1-alkenylaryl or hetaryl derivative (IX) (e.g. a vinyl benzene, R³═H). This procedure is generally described in J. Org. Chem. 1987, 52, 235. The precursor of the ylid, the amine N(CH₂R^(b))(CH₂SiMe₃)(CH₂OCH₃) (X), is commercially available or can be synthesized from NH₂(CH₂R^(b)), Me₃SiCH₂Cl and HCHO in the presence of methanol.

The 1-alkenyl-(hetero)aromatic compound (IX) can be synthesized e.g. by a Stille coupling of a halogeno benzene, e.g. a bromo benzene, with the corresponding alkenyl tributyl stannate, such as vinyl or isobutenyl tributyl stannate, in the presence of an appropriate Pd coupling catalyst, e.g. tetrakistriphenylphosphine palladium(0) (see, e.g. Tetrahedron, 2003, 59(34), 6545 and Bioorg. Med. Chem. 1999, 7(5), 665). By choosing a special Stille isomer (e.g. cis- or trans-isobutenyl tributyl stannate), the corresponding cis- or trans alkyl phenyl pyrrolidine can be prepared selectively.

Alternatively, the 1-alkenyl-(hetero)aromatic compound (IX) can be synthesized by a Wittig reaction of aryl aldehyde with a Wittig reagent such as PPh₃═CHR (R is H, or C₁-C₃-alkyl). Conditions for the Wittig reaction are well known in the art and are, e.g. discussed in Jerry March, Advanced Organic Chemistry, John Wiley, 3^(rd) edition, page 845 ff.

Advantageously, the 1-(hetero)alkenyl-aromatic compound (IX) further carries a nitro group or another halogeno substituent (X═NO₂ or halogen). In this case, the subsequent reaction steps can be carried out as outlined in route A or B. If X═H, the A ring may be first nitrated as described in scheme 2, step (v) and then subjected to the reaction of scheme 2, step (vi) and scheme 1, route A; or ring A may be halogenated and then subjected to the procedure of route B.

The group CH₂R^(b) of the precursor amine advantageously corresponds either to the desired group R¹ of the final compound I or is alternatively a cleavable group, such as benzyl, which can be removed to give the N-unsubstituted pyrrolidine. The latter can subsequently be functionalized as described above (see route A).

The synthesis of hetarylpyrrolidines is e.g. described in Chem. Pharm. Bull., 1985, 33, 2762-66; J. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 1996, 1995-2005; J. Heterocyclic Chemistry, 2001, 38, 1039-1044; Tetrahedron Letters, 1992, 33, 44, 6607-10; Heterocycles, 1998, 48, 12, 2535-2541 for A being pyridylene. The synthesis of vinyl-substituted thiophene and thiazol is e.g. described in Bioorg. Med. Chem. 1999, 7(5), 665.

5.1.2

Phenylpyrrolidines can also be prepared by a [3+2] dipolar cycloaddition of a non-stabilized azomethine ylid to a 1-alkynylbenzene (XII) (see, e.g., Tetrahedron 1996, 52, 59). The resulting pyrroline (XIII) or the final product (I′) is then hydrogenated to the corresponding pyrrolidine (XI). If the hydrogenation is carried out under chiral conditions, e.g. by using chiral catalysts, the enantiomerically pure phenylpyrrolidine compounds can be obtained. Chiral hydrogenation catalysts are well known in the art. The subsequent conversion to the desired sulfonamide can be carried out as described in route A or B.

5.1.3

Alternatively, hetarylpyrrolidinyl compounds can be prepared from hetaryl halides which are subjected to a Pd-mediated cross coupling with an organozinc pyrrolidine compound. This process is described in further detail below in route F. In this alternative, too, the hetaryl halide advantageously carries a nitro group. In this case, the conversion to the desired sulfonamides can be carried out as described in route A. Alternatively, the hetaryl halide carries a halogen atom. In this case, the conversion to the desired sulfonamides can be achieved as described in route B.

5.1.4

Compounds I, wherein n is 1, G is CH₂, A is 1,3-bound arylene or hetarlyene and E is NH, can be prepared in a similar way compared to the 1,4-bound compound from a 3-aminoaryl or hetaryl-pyrrolidine which is reacted with an appropriate sulfonyl chloride. Advantageously, the N-atom of the pyrrolidine ring is protected by a urathane-based protective group, like carbomethoxy (—COOCH₃), benzyloxycarbonyl (cbz) and tert-butyloxycarbonyl (boc). This group may be replaced by the desired substituent R¹ by treating the compound with an acid, such as hydrochloric acid, thus removing the acid group, and then introducing the desired substituent as described in route A.

The 3-aminoaryl or hetaryl-pyrrolidine may be prepared by way of a Heck reaction where a protected pyrroline is reacted with 1-iodo-3-nitrobenzene or the corresponding pyridine (2-iodo-4-nitropyridine or 3-iodo-5-nitropyridine) under typical Heck conditions.

Catalytic hydrogenation of the pyrroline double bond and reduction of the nitro group according to the procedure described in scheme 2 yields the desired product.

The N-protected pyrroline can be obtained by reacting commercially available pyrroline with the desired protective group, e.g. with chloromethylfumarate, benzylchloride, Cbz-anhydride or Boc-anhydride.

The pyrroline may be synthesized in a metathesis reaction of N-protected diallylamine in the presence of a metathesis catalyst, e.g. a Grubbs catalyst.

5.2 Synthesis of N-(azetidin-3-yl)-sulfonamides

Compounds I, wherein n is 0 (azetidine compounds) can be synthesized as follows:

In scheme 5, Ar and R¹ are as defined above. X and Y are, independently of each other, CH or N.

Starting from 1-benzhydryl-azetidin-3-ol, Pd-mediated deprotection of the amine (Tetrahedron 2002, 58, 9865-9870), carbamate formation and subsequent halogenation generate an intermediate that undergoes Zn insertion (Tetrahedron 1987, 43, 2203-2212; J. Org. Chem. 1988, 53, 2390-2392). The thus obtained organozinc species can react with an appropriate 2-halo-nitro-ring (Synlett 1998, 4, 379-380; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2003, 125, 12527-12530) to give the nitro-aryl-azetidine core. If one utilizes a 2-halo-halo-ring, there is also the possibility to realize the direct coupling between the aryl-azetidine halide and the appropriate sulfonamides (Org. Lett. 2000, 2, 1101-1104; J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2002, 124, 6043-6048; Org. Lett. 2003, 5, 4373-4376; Tetrahedron Lett. 2003, 44, 3385-3386). The amine may be regenerated by cleavage of the carbamate (e.g. with trifluoroacetic acid in the case of a Boc carbamate) and subsequently converted into an amide by reaction with the appropriate acyl chloride. The nitro group can be reduced to the amine via tin chloride or catalytic hydrogenation (e.g. Pd—C) and then converted to the desired sulfonamide by reaction with the appropriate sulfonyl chloride in the presence of a base such as pyridine. Ultimate reduction of the amide via hydroboration furnishes the final compounds.

Of course, the reaction also applies to compounds wherein the (hetero)aromatic ring bound to the azetidine group is a 5-membered heterocyclic radical, e.g. thienyl.

5.3 Synthesis of N-(piperidin-3-yl)-sulfonamides

Further to the above-described syntheses (routes A, B and C), compounds I, wherein n is 2 and E is NR⁵ (piperidin-3-yl sulfonamides) may be prepared by starting from commercially available 3-aryl or 3-hetaryl piperidines. These starting compounds may then be converted into the amino-substituted or halogenated derivative and then be subjected to the synthetic path of route A or B.

A skilled person will readily appreciate that compounds of the formula I can also be obtained from structurally similar compounds by functional group interconversion. In particular N-bound radicals R^(a) can be introduced into compounds of the formula I by reacting the corresponding halogen compound, i.e. a compound of the formula I, which instead of R^(a) carries a halogen atom, in particular a bromine or iodine atom, with a primary or secondary amine in the presence of a base, preferably also in the presence of a palladium catalyst in terms of a Buchwald-Hartwig reaction.

If not indicated otherwise, the above-described reactions are generally carried out in a solvent at temperatures between room temperature and the boiling temperature of the solvent employed. Alternatively, the activation energy which is required for the reaction can be introduced into the reaction mixture using microwaves, something which has proved to be of value, in particular, in the case of the reactions catalyzed by transition metals (with regard to reactions using microwaves, see Tetrahedron 2001, 57, p. 9199 ff. p. 9225 ff. and also, in a general manner, “Microwaves in Organic Synthesis”, André Loupy (Ed.), Wiley-VCH 2002.

The sulfonylchlorides C₁—SO₂—Ar are either commercially available or can be prepared according to standard synthetic methods. Sulfonylchlorides containing a fluorinated radical R^(a) may be prepared by different synthetic routes, e.g. by reacting suitable hydroxy or oxo precursor (e.g. a compound C₁—SO₂—Ar, carrying a hydroxy or oxo substituted radical) with fluorinating reagents like DAST (diethylaminosulfurtrifluoride), morpholine-DAST, deoxo-fluor (bis(2-methoxyethyl)aminosulfur trifluoride), Ishikawa's reagent (N,N-diethyl-(1,1,2,3,3,3-hexafluoropropyl)amine; Journal of Fluorine Chemistry, 1989, 43, 371-377). More conventionally, the hydroxy group of an aromatic compound which carries a hydroxy substituted radical but not a chlorosulfonyl group, is trans-formed into a leaving group which is then replace by a fluoride ion (J. Org. Chem., 1994, 59, 2898-22901; Tetrahedron Letters, 1998, 7305-6; J. Org. Chem., 1998, 63, 9587-9589, Synthesis, 1987, 920-21)). Subsequent direct chlorosulfonylation with chlorosulfonic acid (Heterocycles, 2001, 55, 9, 1789-1803; J. Org. Chem., 2000, 65, 1399-1406) or a two step process preparing first the sulfonic acid derivatives which are then transformed to the sulfonylchlorides with e.g. chlorosulfonic acid, phosphorous pentachloride (Eur. J. Med. Chem., 2002, 36, 809-828) and the like, yields the desired sulfonylchloride (Tetrahedron Letters, 1991, 33, 50 7787-7788)) Sulfonylchlorides may also be prepared by diazotation of suitable amine precursor Ar—NH₂ with sodium nitrite under acidic conditions and reaction with sulfur dioxide in acetic acid (scheme (iii); J. Org. Chem., 1960, 25, 1824-26;); by oxidation of suitable heteroaryl-thiols HS—Ar or heteroaryl-benzyl-thioethers C₆H₅—CH₂—S—Ar with chlorine (Synthesis, 1998, 36-38; J. Am. Chem. Soc., 1950, 74, 4890-92;) directly to the corresponding sulfonyl chlorides. The further are known in the art or may be prepared by standard methods.

The acid addition salts of compounds I are prepared in a customary manner by mixing the free base with a corresponding acid, where appropriate in solution in an organic solvent, for example a lower alcohol, such as methanol, ethanol or propanol, an ether, such as methyl tert-butyl ether or diisopropyl ether, a ketone, such as acetone or methyl ethyl ketone, or an ester, such as ethyl acetate.

The compounds according to the invention of the formula I have a surprisingly high affinity for 5HT₆ receptors. Compounds of formula I, wherein A is 1,3-phenylene, 2,4-pyridylene or 3,5-pyridylene and in particular 1,3-phenylene, are furthermore highly selective dopamine 5HT₆ receptor ligands which, because of their low affinity for other receptors such as D₁ receptors, D₅ receptors, D₄ receptors, α1-adrenergic and/or α2-adrenergic receptors, muscarinic receptors, histamine receptors, opiate receptors and, in particular, dopamine D₂ receptors, give rise to fewer side-effects than other, less selective 5HT₆ ligands. Compounds of formula I, wherein A is 1,4-phenylene, show a high affinity for 5HT₆ receptors and optionally also for dopamine D₃ receptors. Because of their low affinity for other receptors such as D₁ receptors, D₅ receptors, D₄ receptors, α1-adrenergic and/or α2-adrenergic receptors, muscarinic receptors, histamine receptors, opiate receptors and, in particular, dopamine D₂ receptors, they give rise to fewer side-effects than other, less selective compounds, such as classic neuroleptics, which are D₂ receptor antagonists.

The compound of the invention can be a dopamine 5HT₆ receptor agonist, including partial agonistic activity, or a dopamine 5HT₆ receptor antagonist, including inverse agonist activity.

The high affinity of the compounds according to the invention for 5HT₆ receptors is reflected in very low in-vitro receptor binding constants (K_(i)(5HT₆) values) of as a rule less than 50 nM (nmol/l), preferably of less than 10 nM and, in particular of less than 5 nM. The displacement of ³H-LSD can, for example, be used in receptor binding studies for determining binding affinities to 5-HT₆ receptors and [¹²⁵I]-iodosulpride for determining binding affinities to dopamine D₃ receptors.

The D₃/D₂ selectivity of the compounds according to the invention which also have a high affinity for dopamine D₃ receptors, i.e. the ratio K_(i)(D₂)/K_(i)(D₃) of the receptor binding constants, is as a rule at least 25, preferably at least 50, even better at least 100. The displacement of [³H]SCH23390 or [¹²⁵I] spiperone can be used, for example, for carrying out receptor binding studies on D₁, D₂ and D₄ receptors.

Because of their binding profile, the compounds can be used for treating diseases which respond to 5HT₆ receptor ligands and optionally to dopamine D₃ receptor ligands (or which are susceptible to treatment with a 5HT₆ receptor ligand, and optionally with a dopamine D₃ receptor ligand), i.e. they are effective for treating those medical disorders or diseases in which exerting an influence on (modulating) the 5HT₆ receptors, and optionally on (modulating) the dopamine D₃ receptors, leads to an improvement in the clinical picture or to the disease being cured. Examples of these diseases are disorders or diseases of the central nervous system.

Disorders or diseases of the central nervous system are understood as meaning disorders which affect the spinal chord and, in particular, the brain. Within the meaning of the invention, the term “disorder” denotes disturbances and/or anomalies which are as a rule regarded as being pathological conditions or functions and which can manifest themselves in the form of particular signs, symptoms and/or malfunctions. While the treatment according to the invention can be directed toward individual disorders, i.e. anomalies or pathological conditions, it is also possible for several anomalies, which may be causatively linked to each other, to be combined into patterns, i.e. syndromes, which can be treated in accordance with the invention.

The disorders which can be treated in accordance with the invention are in particular disorders which respond to a modulation of the 5HT₆ receptor. They include cognitive dysfunctions, such as a deficit in memory, cognition and learning, in particular associated with Alzheimer's disease, age-related cognitive decline and mild cognitive impairment, attention deficit disorder/hyperactivity syndrome, personality disorders, such as schizophrenia, in particular cognitive deficits related with schizophrenia, affective disorders such as depression, anxiety and obsessive compulsive disorders, motion or motor disorders such as Parkinson's disease and epilepsy, migraine, sleep disorders (including disturbances of the Circadian rhythm), feeding disorders, such as anorexia and bulimia, certain gastrointestinal disorders such as Irritable Bowl Syndrome, diseases associated with neurodegeneration, such as stroke, spinal or head trauma and head injuries, such as hydrocephalus, drug addiction and obesity.

The addiction diseases include psychic disorders and behavioral disturbances which are caused by the abuse of psychotropic substances, such as pharmaceuticals or narcotics, and also other addiction diseases, such as addiction to gaming (impulse control disorders not elsewhere classified). Examples of addictive substances are: opioids (e.g. morphine, heroin and codeine), cocaine; nicotine; alcohol; substances which interact with the GABA chloride channel complex, sedatives, hypnotics and tranquilizers, for example benzodiazepines; LSD; cannabinoids; psychomotor stimulants, such as 3,4-methylenedioxy-N-methylamphetamine (ecstasy); amphetamine and amphetamine-like substances such as methylphenidate and other stimulants including caffeine. Addictive substances which come particularly into consideration are opioids, cocaine, amphetamine or amphetamine-like substances, nicotine and alcohol.

With regard to the treatment of addiction diseases, particular preference is given to those compounds according to the invention of the formula I which themselves do not possess any psychotropic effect. This can also be observed in a test using rats, which, after having been administered compounds which can be used in accordance with the invention, reduce their self administration of psychotropic substances, for example cocaine.

Compounds of formula I having a high affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor as well as for the dopamine D₃ receptor can be advantageously used for treating disorders, preferably CNS disorders, having both a dopaminergic and a serotoninergic impact. While the 5HT₆ receptor is more related to cognitive functions, the dopamine D₃ receptor is associated with positive symptoms, such as delusion, hallucination, disorganized thinking, disorganized speaking, disorganized, agitated or catatonic behaviour, and negative symptoms, such as depletion of feelings, impairment of the language, loss of motivation, loss of vitality, attention deficits and social retreat. Thus, compounds of formula I having a high affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor as well as for the dopamine D₃ receptor can be advantageously used for treating disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease and in particular schizophrenia, which are characterized by cognitive dysfunctions as well as by positive and negative symptoms.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the compounds according to the invention are suitable for treating disorders whose causes can at least partially be attributed to an anomalous activity of 5HT₆ receptors.

According to another aspect of the present invention, the treatment is directed, in particular, toward those disorders which can be influenced, within the sense of an expedient medicinal treatment, by the binding of preferably exogeneously administered binding partners (ligands) to 5HT₆ receptors.

The diseases which can be treated with the compounds according to the invention are frequently characterized by progressive development, i.e. the above-described conditions change over the course of time; as a rule, the severity increases and conditions may possibly merge into each other or other conditions may appear in addition to those which already exist.

The compounds according to the invention can be used to treat a large number of signs, symptoms and/or malfunctions which are connected with the disorders of the central nervous system and, in particular, the abovementioned conditions. These signs, symptoms and/or malfunctions include, for example, a disturbed relationship to reality, lack of insight and ability to meet customary social norms or the demands made by life, changes in temperament, changes in individual drives, such as hunger, sleep, thirst, etc., and in mood, disturbances in the ability to observe and combine, changes in personality, in particular emotional lability, hallucinations, ego-disturbances, distractedness, ambivalence, autism, depersonalization and false perceptions, delusional ideas, chanting speech, lack of synkinesia, short-step gait, flexed posture of trunk and limbs, tremor, poverty of facial expression, monotonous speech, depressions, apathy, impeded spontaneity and decisiveness, impoverished association ability, anxiety, nervous agitation, stammering, social phobia, panic disturbances, withdrawal symptoms in association with dependency, maniform syndromes, states of excitation and confusion, dysphoria, dyskinetic syndromes and tic disorders, e.g. Huntington's chorea and Gilles-de-la-Tourette's syndrome, vertigo syndromes, e.g. peripheral positional, rotational and oscillatory vertigo, melancholia, hysteria, hypochondria and the like.

Within the meaning of the invention, a treatment also includes a preventive treatment (prophylaxis), in particular as relapse prophylaxis or phase prophylaxis, as well as the treatment of acute or chronic signs, symptoms and/or malfunctions. The treatment can be orientated symptomatically, for example as the suppression of symptoms. It can be effected over a short period, be orientated over the medium term or can be a long-term treatment, for example within the context of a maintenance therapy.

The compounds according to the invention are preferentially suitable for treating diseases of the central nervous system, more preferably for treating cognitive dysfunctions and in particular, for treating cognitive dysfunctions associated with schizophrenia or Alzheimer's disease.

Within the context of the treatment, the use according to the invention of the described compounds involves a method. In this method, an effective quantity of one or more compounds, as a rule formulated in accordance with pharmaceutical and veterinary practice, is administered to the individual to be treated, preferably a mammal, in particular a human being, productive animal or domestic animal. Whether such a treatment is indicated, and in which form it is to take place, depends on the individual case and is subject to medical assessment (diagnosis) which takes into consideration signs, symptoms and/or malfunctions which are present, the risks of developing particular signs, symptoms and/or malfunctions, and other factors.

As a rule, the treatment is effected by means of single or repeated daily administration, where appropriate together, or alternating, with other active compounds or active compound-containing preparations such that a daily dose of preferably from about 0.1 to 1000 mg/kg of bodyweight, in the case of oral administration, or of from about 0.1 to 100 mg/kg of bodyweight, in the case of parenteral administration, is supplied to an individual to be treated.

The invention also relates to the production of pharmaceutical compositions for treating an individual, preferably a mammal, in particular a human being, productive animal or domestic animal. Thus, the ligands are customarily administered in the form of pharmaceutical compositions which comprise a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient together with at least one compound according to the invention and, where appropriate, other active compounds. These compositions can, for example, be administered orally, rectally, transdermally, subcutaneously, intravenously, intramuscularly or intranasally.

Examples of suitable pharmaceutical formulations are solid medicinal forms, such as powders, granules, tablets, in particular film tablets, lozenges, sachets, cachets, sugar-coated tablets, capsules, such as hard gelatin capsules and soft gelatin capsules, suppositories or vaginal medicinal forms, semisolid medicinal forms, such as ointments, creams, hydrogels, pastes or plasters, and also liquid medicinal forms, such as solutions, emulsions, in particular oil-in-water emulsions, suspensions, for example lotions, injection preparations and infusion preparations, and eyedrops and eardrops. Implanted release devices can also be used for administering inhibitors according to the invention. In addition, it is also possible to use liposomes or microspheres.

When producing the compositions, the compounds according to the invention are optionally mixed or diluted with one or more excipients. Excipients can be solid, semisolid or liquid materials which serve as vehicles, carriers or medium for the active compound.

Suitable excipients are listed in the specialist medicinal monographs. In addition, the formulations can comprise pharmaceutically acceptable carriers or customary auxiliary substances, such as glidants; wetting agents; emulsifying and suspending agents; preservatives; antioxidants; antiirritants; chelating agents; coating auxiliaries; emulsion stabilizers; film formers; gel formers; odor masking agents; taste corrigents; resin; hydrocolloids; solvents; solubilizers; neutralizing agents; diffusion accelerators; pigments; quaternary ammonium compounds; refatting and overfatting agents; raw materials for ointments, creams or oils; silicone derivatives; spreading auxiliaries; stabilizers; sterilants; suppository bases; tablet auxiliaries, such as binders, fillers, glidants, disintegrants or coatings; propellants; drying agents; opacifiers; thickeners; waxes; plasticizers and white mineral oils. A formulation in this regard is based on specialist knowledge as described, for example, in Fiedler, H. P., Lexikon der Hilfsstoffe für Pharmazie, Kosmetik und angrenzende Gebiete [Encyclopedia of auxiliary substances for pharmacy, cosmetics and related fields], 4^(th) edition, Aulendorf: ECV-Editio-Kantor-Verlag, 1996.

It has further been found that disorders having both a dopaminergic and a serotoninergic impact can also be treated by the combined use of a dopamine D₃ receptor ligand and a 5HT₆ receptor ligand. This combination surprisingly shows no adverse effects.

Accordingly, a further aspect of the invention relates to a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor and at least one compound having an affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor and optionally at least one physiologically acceptable carrier and/or auxiliary substance.

The invention also relates to the use of at least one compound having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor together with at least one compound having an affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor or of the pharmaceutical composition as defined above for preparing a medicament for the treatment of a disease of the central nervous system.

The compounds to be used according to the invention or in the above composition having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor preferably have no or no significant activity for the 5HT₆ receptors and vice versa. Preferably, the compound having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor has a binding constant K_(i) to the dopamine D₃ receptor of at most 150 nM and the compound having an affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor has a binding constant K_(i) to the 5HT₆ receptor of at most 150 nM. More preferably, the compound having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor has a selectivity for the D₃ dopamine receptor versus the 5HT₆ receptor K_(i)(5HT₆)/K_(i)(D₃) of at least 10, more preferably at least 25, and in particular at least 50 and the compound having an affinity for the 5HT₆ dopamine receptor has a selectivity for the 5HT₆ receptor versus the dopamine D₃ receptor K_(i)(D₃)/K_(i)(5HT₆) of at least 10, more preferably at least 25, and in particular at least 50.

Compounds having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor are widely known and are for example described in following publications:

WO 2006/058753, WO 2006/040176, WO 2006/040177, WO 2006/040178, WO 2006/040179, WO 2006/0040180, WO 2006/008592, WO 2006/015842, WO 2005/058328, WO 2004/89905, WO 2004/108706, WO 2004/080981, WO 2004/069830, WO 01/72306, WO 00/67847, WO 00/42038, WO 99/09015, WO 99/02503, WO 97/25324, WO 96/002519, the contents of which are hereby fully incorporated by reference.

Preferred compounds having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor are dopamine D₃ receptor antagonists.

Compounds having an affinity for the dopamine 5HT₆ receptor are also well known and are for example described in following publications:

WO 2006/081322, WO 2005/040124, WO 2003/080580, WO 2002/032863, WO 00/05225, WO 98/27081 and S.-H. Zhao et al., Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry Letters 2007, the contents of which are hereby fully incorporated by reference.

Preferred compounds having an affinity for the dopamine 5HT₆ receptor are dopamine 5HT₆ receptor antagonists.

Surprisingly, the combination of compound having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor and at least one compound having an affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor does not have any adverse effects. This can be proved by the assay (microdialysis study) described in the examples. In particular, the binding affinity to the one or other receptor is not reduced.

It has further been found that treating disorders which have both a dopaminergic and a serotoninergic impact can also be effected by using compounds which have an affinity for both the D₃ dopamine receptor and the 5HT₆ receptor.

Accordingly, the invention further relates to the use of at least one compound which has an affinity for both the D₃ dopamine receptor and the 5HT₆ receptor for preparing a medicament for the treatment of a disease of the central nervous system, excepting compounds of the formula

where

-   Ar is a substituted or unsubstituted aryl or hetaryl ring; -   A is a 3- to 7-membered substituted or unsubstituted cycloalkyl or     heterocyclyl ring; -   Hc is a substituted or unsubstituted nitrogen-containing     heterocyclyl or heteroaryl ring; -   Q is C—K or N, where K is H, lower alkyl, halogen or cyano; -   Z is O, S or NR, where R is H or lower alkyl; -   J is a chain having from 0 to 8 units selected from unsubstituted or     substituted methylene; NR³, O and S, where R³ is H or unsubstituted     or substituted lower alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aralkyl,     heteroaralkyl, aryl or hetaryl.

Preferably, the compound has a combined dopamine D₃/5HT₆ antagonistic activity.

The invention also relates to the use of at least one compound which is a D₃ dopamine receptor antagonist and also has an affinity for the 5HT₆ receptor for preparing a medicament for the treatment of a disease of the central nervous system.

Preferably, the compound has a 5HT₆ receptor antagonistic activity. Preferably, the compound has a combined dopamine D₃/5HT₆ antagonistic activity.

Compounds having these “mixed” affinities are for example the compounds described in WO 2006/040182.

Among the compounds of the formula I described in WO 2006/040182, preference is given to compounds wherein

-   -   R¹ is H, n is 1, A is optionally substituted 1,4-phenylene, E is         NH and Ar is phenyl carrying in the 4-position (relative to the         1-position of the SO₂ group) a substituent R^(a) and optionally         1 or 2 further substituents R^(a), where the substituent R^(a)         bound in the 4-position is preferably a radical R^(a′) and is in         particular selected from isopropyl or fluorinated isopropyl,         such as 1-methyl-2-fluoro-1-ethyl, 1-methyl-2,2-difluoro-1-ethyl         or 1-methyl-2,2,2-trifluoro-1-ethyl; or     -   R¹ is not H and is in particular n-propyl, n is 0, A is         optionally substituted 1,4-phenylene and Ar is phenyl carrying         in the 4-position (relative to the 1-position of the SO₂ group)         a substituent R^(a) and optionally 1 or 2 further substituents         R^(a); or     -   R¹ is not H and is in particular n-propyl, n is 1, A is         optionally substituted 1,2-phenylene and Ar is phenyl carrying         at least one substituent R^(a).

More preferred compounds are those described as compounds I herein, preference being given to the compounds described herein as preferred.

In particular, in the compounds of the invention having a mixed activity, R¹ is not H. Preferably, R¹ is selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl, in particular methyl, ethyl or particularly propyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, in particular 3-fluoropropyl or 2-fluoropropyl, C₃-C₄-alkenyl, in particular allyl, cyclopropylmethyl or benzyl. Particularly preferably R¹ is propyl.

G is preferably CH₂ and n is preferably 1.

A is preferably 1,4-phenylene, in particular unsubstituted 1,4-phenylene.

E is preferably NH.

Ar is preferably a group (A) or (F).

R^(a) is preferably halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkoxy or a 5- or 6-membered unsaturated or saturated heterocyclic ring. R^(b) and R^(c) are preferably selected from H, halogen and C₁-C₄-haloalkoxy.

R^(d) is preferably halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or a 5- or 6-membered heteroaryl ring which is unsubstituted or carries one substituent selected from C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl. Preferred 6-membered hetaryl rings contain one or two nitrogen atoms (particularly preferred being pyridyl and pyrimidyl) and in particular one nitrogen atom. Preferred 5-membered hetaryl rings contain one nitrogen atom and optionally one or two further heteroatoms selected from N, O and S.

k is preferably 0 or in particular 1.

The compound having a “mixed” affinity for both the dopamine D₃ receptor and the 5HT₆ receptor preferably has a binding constant K_(i) to the dopamine D₃ receptor of at most 150 nM and to the 5HT₆ receptor of at most 150 nM. More preferably, the compound having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor and the 5HT₆ receptor has a binding constant K_(i) to the dopamine D₃ receptor of at most 100 nM and to the 5HT₆ receptor of at most 100 nM. Even more preferably, the compound having an affinity for the dopamine D₃ receptor and the 5HT₆ receptor has a binding constant K_(i) to the dopamine D₃ receptor of at most 50 nM and to the 5HT₆ receptor of at most 50 nM.

Disorders having both a dopaminergic and a serotoninergic impact are disorders which respond to the modulation of the dopamine D₃ receptor and the 5HT₆ receptor. Disorders having both a dopaminergic and a serotoninergic impact are in particular cognitive dysfunctions and specifically cognitive dysfunctions associated with Alzheimer's disease and schizophrenia.

The following examples serve to explain the invention without limiting it.

The compounds were either characterized via proton-NMR in d₆-dimethylsulfoxid or d-chloroform, if not stated otherwise, on a 400 MHz or 500 MHz NMR instrument (Bruker AVANCE), or by mass spectrometry, generally recorded via HPLC-MS in a fast gradient on C18-material (electrospray-ionisation (ESI) mode), or melting point.

The magnetic nuclear resonance spectral properties (NMR) refer to the chemical shifts (δ) expressed in parts per million (ppm). The relative area of the shifts in the ¹H NMR spectrum corresponds to the number of hydrogen atoms for a particular functional type in the molecule. The nature of the shift, as regards multiplicity, is indicated as singlet (s), broad singlet (s. br.), doublet (d), broad doublet (d br.), triplet (t), broad triplet (t br.), quartet (q), quintet (quint.) and multiplet (m).

PREPARATION EXAMPLES I. Preparation of the Intermediates a. Preparation of Sulfonyl Chlorides a.1 3-Bromo-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonyl chloride

-   -   2.0 g of 1-bromo-2-(trifluoro-methoxy)benzene (8.3 mmol) were         dissolved in 30 ml of dichloromethane. At 0-5° C., 1.06 g of         chlorosulfonic acid (9.13 mmol), dissolved in 3 ml of         dichloromethane, were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was         stirred for 30 min at room temperature. Additional 5.5         equivalents of chlorosulfonic in dichloromethane were added to         drive the reaction to completion. Standard work-up was followed         and silica gel chromatography with n-heptane-dichloromethane         (6:4) as eluent gave 2.19 g of the title compound.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.3 (d, 1H), 8.05 (dd, 1H), 7.5 (dd, 1H).

b. Preparation of 3-(3-aminophenyl)-pyrrolidines b.1 1-(Methoxycarbonyl)-3-(3-aminophenyl)-pyrrolidine b.1.1 1-(Methoxycarbonyl)-pyrroline

In a 5 l flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer and a thermocouple, were charged 500 g of powdered potassium carbonate, 2.5 l of dichloromethane, and stirring was started. The resulting suspension was cooled to 0° C. 300 g of diallylamine, were charged slowly. There was a slight exotherm. Subsequently, 292.95 g of methylchloroformate in 500 ml of CH₂Cl₂ were charged to an addition funnel and the solution was slowly added to the amine over a period of 1 hour. Temperature was kept below 10° C. Then, the reaction mixture was allowed to warm to r.t. over night. After filtering the reaction mixture through a pad of celite, the filter cake was washed with dichloromethane. The dichloromethane solution was washed with water and dried over MgSO₄. Concentration under vacuum yielded the product in the form of a yellow oil. Further purification was accomplished by vacuum distillation. At about 10-12 mm of Hg, three fractions were collected at 50-61° C., 61-85° C., and 85-90° C. The 2nd and 3rd fractions were identified via NMR to be the desired N-protected diallylamine.

The obtained N-carbomethoxy diallyl amine (400 g) was dissolved in 1.5 l of dichloromethane purged with nitrogen for 10 minutes by bubbling nitrogen through the stirred solution. In a 5 l flask fitted with a mechanical stirrer and an addition funnel, was charged the Grubb's catalyst (bis(tricyclohexylphosphine)styrylrutheniumdichloride (3 g, 3.9 mmol) under a steady purge. Dichloromethane was added and the resultant dark solution was stirred at r.t. with nitrogen bubbling for 10 minutes. The N-carbomethoxy diallyl amine solution was added to the catalyst solution over a period of 2 hours. When the addition was complete, the solution was stirred at r.t. for 2.5 days. Then, the reaction mixture was concentrated to an oil, which was subsequently purified by vacuum distillation. The desired product was obtained as a clear colorless liquid boiling at about 90° C. (10 mm of Hg) The NMR was consistent with the expected structure.

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 5.8-5.75 (m, 2H); 4.1 (m, 2H), 4.13 (m, 2H); 3.72 (s, 3H)

b.1.2 1-(Methoxycarbonyl)-3-(3-aminophenyl)-pyrrolidine

A 3-necked flask was flushed with nitrogen for 10 minutes. Palladium acetate and tri-o-tolyl phosphine were charged to the flask under a gentle purge of nitrogen. Anhydrous dimethyl formamide was pre-purged with nitrogen by bubbling nitrogen through it for several minutes, and was then charged to the Pd(OAc)₂ catalyst and phosphine, with a nitrogen purge going through the flask. Subsequently, diisipropylethyl amine, the pyrroline obtained in example b.1.1, 1-iodo-3-nitrobenzene, and silver(II) carbonate were also charged to the flask. The reaction mixture was stirred and heated under nitrogen to 100° C. for 6 hours. After about 9 hours, the reaction was complete (t.l.c. analysis). After the reaction mixture had cooled to r.t. over night, it was quenched with 10% sodium carbonate and extracted with MTBE (methyl tert-butyl ether) three times. The combined organic phases were dried over MgSO₄ and concentrated. The excess olefin was removed by vacuum distillation. The dark residue was dissolved in MTBE, loaded on a silica column and chromatographed with MTBE:heptane, gradient from 1:9 to 2:8.

2.05 g of the eluted pyrroline product was then slurried in portions in 95 ml of methanol and hydrogenated using 0.14 g of Wilkinson's catalyst (RhCl(PPh₃)₃; 2 mol %) at r.t. and 40 psi of hydrogen pressure to yield 1-(methoxycarbonyl)-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-pyrrolidine.

The product was then subjected to an acidic treatment (HCl in methanol, TFA) to yield the title compound.

CI-MS: 221.2 [M+H]⁺

c. Preparation of Enantiomercally Pure Precursors c.1 (S)- and (R)-1-Benzyl-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-pyrrolidine

3-Nitrostyrene was reacted with 2.5 mole equivalents of benzyl methoxymethyl trimethylsilylmethyl amine in dichloromethane in the presence of trifluoroacetic acid.

To 54 g of the hydrochloride of racemic 1-benzyl-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-pyrrolidine (48 of free base) dissolved in ethanol was added 1 molar equivalent of L-tartric acid. The precipitated tartrate was isolated and recrystallized 4 times in methanol. The thus purified salt was isolated, dissolved and converted into the free pyrrolidine. 24.9 g of (S)-1-benzyl-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-pyrrolidine having >99% ee were obtained.

The combined filtrates of the above resolution process were concentrated, neutralized and subjected to the above treatment, however using D-tartric acid instead of the L-form. 17.5 g of (R)-1-benzyl-3-(3-nitrophenyl)-pyrrolidine having >99% ee were obtained.

II. Preparation of the Compounds I Example 1 3-Trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide and its hydrochloride 1.1 (S)-2-Phenyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester

5 g of (S)-2-phenyl succinic acid (25.75 mmol) were dissolved in 50 ml of methanol. At 4° C., 4.7 ml of thionyl chloride (64.37 mmol) were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue that remained was dissolved in diethyl ether, washed once with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, reextracted with diethyl ether, and the combined organic layers dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield 5.8 g of the desired product.

ESI-MS: 223.1 [M+H]⁺

1.2 (S)-2-Phenyl-butane-1,4-diol

2.54 g of lithium aluminium hydride (66.95 mmol) were suspended under ice cooling in 25 ml of tetrahydrofuran. 5.8 g of (S)-2-phenyl succinic acid dimethyl ester (25.75 mmol) dissolved in 25 ml of tetrahydrofuran were added slowly at 5-10° C. Stirring was continued for 15 minutes and then 15 ml of tetrahydrofuran/water (1:1) were added dropwise. The suspension was adjusted to pH 3-4 with conc. hydrochloric acid, filtered and the filter washed with dichloromethane. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness, taken up in diethylether, washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, reextracted with diethylether, and the combined organic layers dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 4.2 g of the diol.

ESI-MS: 189.1 [M+Na]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 7.25-7.4 (m, 2H), 7.15-7.3 (m, 3H), 4.2-4.35 (m, 2H), 3.2 (m, 1H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.1-2.3 (m, 3H).

1.3 Methanesulfonic acid (S)-4-methanesulfonyloxy-3-phenyl-butyl ester

4.19 g of (S)-2-phenyl-butane-1,4-diol (25.21 mmol) were dissolved in 50 ml of dichloromethane. 10.53 ml of triethylamine (75.6 mmol) were added, and, under ice cooling, 5 ml of methansulfonyl chloride (64.34 mmol). Stirring was continued for 15 minutes and then 40 ml of water were added. The organic phase was separated, and the aqueous phase extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 8.37 g of the product.

1.4 (S)-3-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

2.0 g of methanesulfonic acid (S)-4-methanesulfonyloxy-3-phenyl-butyl ester (5.51 mmol) were dissolved in 5 ml of n-propylamine (60.82 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 h at room temperature, diethyl ether added, the organic phase washed twice with water. The aqueous phase was reextracted once with diethylether, the organic layers combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 1.09 g of the product. ESI-MS: 190.1 [M+H]⁺

1.5 (S)-3-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

0.3 g of (S)-3-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine (1.48 mmol) was dissolved in 2 ml of conc. sulphuric acid under argon and ice cooling. 165.16 mg of potassium nitrate (1.63 mmol) were added in small portions. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes under ice cooling, for 15 h at room temperature, and poured onto crushed ice. The aqueous solution was made alkaline with 25% sodium hydroxide, extracted three times with diethyl ether, the aqueous phase reextracted once with diethylether, the organic layers combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 0.326 g of a brownish oil. A second reaction yielded another 0.919 g of the desired product.

ESI-MS: 235.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 8.15 (d, 2H), 7.45 (d, 2H), 3.4-3.5 (m, 1H), 2.9-3.0 (m, 1H), 2.75 (m, 1H), 2.3-2.6 (m, 4H), 1.8-1.9 (m, 1H), 1.5-1.65 (m, 3H), 0.95 (m, 3H).

1.6 (S)-3-(4-Amino-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

0.907 g of (S)-3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine (3.59 mmol) were dissolved in 20 ml of methanol, 7.0 g of tin dichloride (31.02 mmol) added, and the reaction mixture stirred under reflux for 1 h. The methanol was evaporated, 60 ml of 1 N sodium hydroxide and dichloromethane added, and the phases separated after extensive stirring. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with dichloromethane, the organic layers combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 0.744 g of the crude amino compound. ESI-MS: 205.2 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ [ppm] 6.9 (d, 2H), 6.45 (d, 2H), 4.7 (s, broad, 2H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.25-2.45 (m, 3H), 2.1 (m, 1H), 1.65 (m, 1H), 1.4-1.5 (m, 2H), 0.85 (m, 3H).

1.7 3-Trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide and its hydrochloride

0.4 g of (S)-3-(4-amino-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine (1.96 mmol) and 0.455 g of commercially available 3-trifluoromethoxy-phenylsulfonyl chloride (1.86 mmol) were dissolved in 15 ml of tetrahydrofuran. 0.82 ml of triethylamine (5.87 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture stirred for 15 h at room temperature. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue treated with water and adjusted to an alkaline pH with sodium hydroxide solution. The aqueous layer was extracted three times with diethyl ether, the organic layers combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified with silica gel chromatography with ethyl acetate/methanol (2.5-3%) as eluent, yielding 0.225 g of the purified product.

ESI-MS: 429.15 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.7 (d, 1H), 7.55 (s, 1H), 7.5 (t, 1H), 7.4 (d, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 6.95 (d, 2H), 5.3 (bs, 1H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.05 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.5 (m, 1H), 2.45 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H), 1.55 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

This material was dissolved in 15 ml of diethyl ether and 1 ml of dichloromethane, 0.61 ml of 1 N HCl in diethyl ether added, and after formation of a precipitate, the suspension evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 0.235 g of a white precipitate.

Example 2 4-Bromo-3-fluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

0.289 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide using commercially available 4-bromo-3-fluoro-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 441.0/443.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 7.65 (m, 1H), 7.5 (m, 1H), 7.4 (m, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.8 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.35-2.5 (m, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H), 1.5 (m, 2H), 0.9 (m, 3H).

Example 3 4-Bromo-3,6-difluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

0.131 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide using commercially available 4-bromo-3,6-difluoro-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 459.0/461.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.4 (m, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 4.7 (s, very broad, 2H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.7 (m, 1H), 2.4-2.6 (m, 3H), 2.25 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H), 1.55 (m, 2H), 0.85 (m, 3H).

Example 4 3-Trifluoromethyl-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

0.11 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide using commercially available 3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 427.2 [M+H]⁺

Example 5 3,4-Difluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfoneamide hydrochloride

ESI-MS: 381.2 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 11.25 (bd, 1H), 10.55 (m, 1H), 7.85 (t, 1H), 7.65 (m, 2H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 7.25 (d, 1H), 7.1 (m, 2H), 3.2-3.8 (m, 5H), 2.9-3.15 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 6 N-(3-Pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide 6.1 3-[3-(3-Trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonylamino)-phenyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester

This compound was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide by reacting 1-(Methoxycarbonyl)-3-(3-aminophenyl)-pyrrolidine as obtained in example b.1 with commercially available 3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonyl chloride.

ESI-MS: 445.1 [M+H]⁺

6.2 N-(3-Pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

3-[3-(3-Trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonylamino)-phenyl]-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (0.105 g; 0.24 mmol) were dissolved in 2.5 ml ethanol and 0.9 ml of concentrated HCl were added. The reaction mixture was heated in a microwave system (CEM) at 90-150° C. for several hours until consumption of starting material. The mixture was then concentrated in vacuo and the acidic aqueous phase extracted twice with diethylether. The aqueous phase was adjusted to pH 9 with 1 N aqueous NaOH, extracted three times with diethylether, and the combined organic layers dried over sodium sulfate, filtered and the solvent evaporated to dryness to yield 45 mg of the product.

ESI-MS: 387.15 [M+H]⁺

Example 7 N—((S)-3-Pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzene sulfonamide 7.1 (S)-1-Benzyl-3-(3-amino-phenyl)-pyrrolidine

(S)-1-Benzyl-3-(3-nitro-phenyl)-pyrrolidine (1 g, 3.54 mmol) was dissolved in methanol, 4.5 g of stannous dichloride (19.94 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 1.5 h under refluxing conditions. When the starting material was consumed, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue treated with a mixture of 1 N aqueous NaOH/ethyl acetate and filtered over celite. Phases were separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness to yield 0.75 g of a yellowish oil.

7.2 N-[3-((S)-1-Benzyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzene sulfonamide

(S)-1-Benzyl-3-(3-amino-phenyl)-pyrrolidine (0.4 g, 1.59 mmol) and commercially available 3-trifluoromethoxy-benzene sulfonylchloride (0.39 g, 1.5 mmol) were dissolved in 30 ml tetrahydrofurane. 0.66 ml of triethylamine (3.75 mmol) were added and the mixture was stirred for 16 h at room temperature. The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was treated with water/diethylether. After adjusting the aqueous phase to alkaline pH with 1 N aqueous NaOH, the aqueous layer was extracted with diethylether and the combined organic layers dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The product was purified via silica gel chromatography using an Isco Companion semi-automated chromatography system to yield 0.512 g of the desired compound.

ESI-MS: 477.1 [M+H]⁺

7.3 N—((S)-3-Pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

N-[3-((S)-1-Benzyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzene sulfonamide (0.5 g, 1.05 mmol) was dissolved in glacial acetic acid and 10% Pd on charcoal was added under a nitrogen atmosphere. The reaction mixture was then hydrogenated for 5 h at 70° C. Subsequently, the catalyst was removed by filtration over celite. The filtrate was concentrated under reduced pressure. The residue was treated with water and the pH adjusted to alkaline pH with 1 N aqueous NaOH. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with ethyl acetate and once with dichloromethane and the combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated. The remaining white solid was tritiurated with 10 ml diethylether, and the precipitate was filtered and dried to yield 0.18 g of the title compound.

ESI-MS: 387.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO): δ [ppm] 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.6 (m, 2H), 7.5 (d, 1H), 7.0 (t, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.8 (d, 1H), 6.7 (d, 1H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.0-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.7 (m, 1H), 2.1 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 1H).

Example 8 N-[4-Methoxy-3-(1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide 8.1 1-[3-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propan-1-one

Commercially available 3-(2-methoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolidin (1.64 g, 9.25 mmol) was dissolved in 50 ml tetrahydrofuran, 1.873 g triethylamine (18.51 mmol) were added, and after cooling to 0-5° C., 1.325 g propionic acid anhydride (10.18 mmol), dissolved in some tetrahydrofurane, was added dropwise. After stirring for 30 minutes, the starting material was consumed, and 2 ml of 7 N ammonia in methanol were added. After stirring at room temperature for 10 minutes, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue was treated with diethylether, washed once with saturated aqueous sodium bicarbonate, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated again to yield 2.2 g of the desired product.

ESI-MS: 234.1 [M+H]⁺

8.2 1-[3-(2-Methoxy-5-nitro-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propan-1-one

1-[3-(2-Methoxy-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propan-1-one (0.7 g; 3 mmol) were dissolved in 10 ml of nitromethane. At −5° C. to −10° C., a mixture of 0.290 g nitric acid, 0.5 g water and 5.52 g sulphuric acid were added within 25 minutes, and the reaction mixture was stirred for another 1 h at low temperature and 16 h at room temperature. Ice was added, the reaction mixture was adjusted to alkaline pH with 50% aqueous NaOH, and the aqueous phase was extracted twice with diethylether. The organic layers were combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 0.85 g of the desired product as a mixture of isomers and small amounts of the dinitro derivative which was used in the next reaction without further purification.

ESI-MS: 279.1 [M+H]⁺

8.3 1-[3-(2-Methoxy-5-amino-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propan-1-one

1-[3-(2-Methoxy-5-nitro-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propan-1-one (0.85 g; 3.05 mmol) were dissolved in 50 ml methanol. 3.65 g of stannous dichloride (16.18 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 2 h under refluxing conditions. When the starting material was consumed, the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and the residue was treated with a mixture of 1 N aqueous NaOH/ethyl acetate and filtered. Phases were separated, the aqueous phase was extracted with ethyl acetate and the combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and evaporated to dryness to yield 0.44 g of crude product which was used in the next reaction without further purification.

ESI-MS: 249.1 [M+H]⁺

8.4 N-[4-Methoxy-3-(1-propionyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

1-[3-(2-Methoxy-5-amino-phenyl)-pyrrolidin-1-yl]-propan-1-one (0.44 g, 1.77 mmol) and commercially available 3-trifluoromethoxy-benzene sulfonylchloride (0.23 g, 0.89 mmol) were reacted as described above, to yield, after purification via silica gel chromatography using a ISCO Companion instrument, 0.198 g of the desired compound.

ESI-MS: 473.1 [M+H]⁺

8.5 N-[4-Methoxy-3-(1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

N-[4-Methoxy-3-(1-propionyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide (0.19 g, 0.4 mmol) were dissolved in 15 ml tetrahydrofurane and 2 ml 1 M boranetetrahydrofuran complex in tetrahydrofurane was added dropwise. The reaction mixture was heated to reflux for 30 minutes, 2 ml of 2 N aqueous hydrochloric acid was added and the mixture was refluxed again for 3 h. After stirring for 16 h at room temperature, the solvent was evaporated, the residue was treated with water and the pH was adjusted to alkaline pH with 1 N aqueous NaOH. The aqueous layer was extracted twice with diethylether, the combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered and the solvent was evaporated. The crude product was chromatographed on a chromabond column using 0-5% dichloromethane/methanol as eluent, to yield 0.077 mg of the title compound.

ESI-MS: 459.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.5 (s, 1H), 7.45 (t, 1H), 7.35 (d, 1H), 6.95 (d, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.7 (d, 1H), 6.5 (s, broad, 1H), 3.8 (s, 3H), 3.6 (m, 1H), 2.9 (m, 1H), 2.75 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.3-2.5 (several m, 3H), 2.15 (m, 1H), 1.65 (m, 1H), 1.5 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 9 5-Chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonic acid (3-azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-amide

Following the same procedure as described in Example 1.7, tert-butyl 3-(3-aminophenyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (100 mg, 0.40 mmol) was coupled with 5-chloro-3-methylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride (118 mg, 0.42 mmol) to give tert-butyl 3-(3-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonamido)phenyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (140 mg, 71%).

ESI-MS: 437.0 [M+H]⁺

tert-Butyl 3-(3-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonamido)phenyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (140 mg, 0.28 mmol) was stirred in formic acid (3 ml) at 0° C. for 3 h. The solution was concentrated, dissolved in water, concentrated HCl added and the solution concentrated by lyophylisation to give the title compound (113 mg, 93%) as a white foam.

ESI-MS: 393.0 [M+H]⁺

The compounds of Examples 10 to 32 were prepared by following the same procedure.

Example 10 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-(2-methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 386.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 11 N-(4-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 357.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 12 Thiophene-2-sulfonic acid (3-azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-amide

ESI-MS: 294.9 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.82 (m, 2H), 3.92 (m, 1H), 4.04 (m, 2H), 6.87 (d, 1H), 6.91 (d, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 7.00 (t, 1H), 7.13 (t, 1H), 7.41 (d, 1H), 7.68 (d, 1H).

Example 13 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 425.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.93 (m, 3H), 4.15 (m, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H), 6.78 (d, 1H), 6.87 (s, 1H), 7.04 (t, 1H), 8.17 (s, 1H), 8.20 (s, 1H).

Example 14 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-2,5-dimethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 349.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.78 (m, 2H), 3.70 (m, 3H), 3.91 (m, 3H), 6.94 (t, 2H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 7.09 (m, 1H), 7.11 (d, 1H), 7.17 (t, 1H), 7.23 (d, 1H).

Example 15 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-fluoro-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 306.9 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.81 (m, 2H), 3.91 (m, 1H), 4.04 (m, 2H), 6.87 (d, 1H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 7.12 (t, 1H), 7.36 (t, 1H), 7.47 (d, 1H), 7.49 (m, 1H), 7.56 (m, 1H).

Example 16 2,5-Dichloro-thiophene-3-sulfonic acid (3-azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-amide

ESI-MS: 362.9 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.93 (m, 3H), 4.14 (m, 2H), 6.71 (d, 1H), 6.81 (d, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 7.06 (t, 1H), 7.10 (s, 1H).

Example 17 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-chloro-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 322.9 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.86 (m, 2H), 3.94 (m, 1H), 4.07 (m, 2H), 6.87 (t, 2H), 6.94 (s, 1H), 7.13 (t, 1H), 7.52 (t, 1H), 7.57 (d, 1H), 7.72 (m, 2H).

Example 18 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3,5-dichloro-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 356.9 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.90 (m, 3H), 4.11 (m, 2H), 6.66 (d, 1H), 6.76 (d, 1H), 6.82 (s, 1H), 7.03 (t, 1H), 7.62 (m, 2H).

Example 19 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-methyl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 303.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 2.31 (s, 3H), 3.78 (m, 2H), 3.93 (m, 3H), 6.93 (d, 1H), 6.96 (d, 1H), 7.00 (s, 1H), 7.17 (t, 1H), 7.38 (m, 2H), 7.54 (m, 1H), 7.57 (s, 1H).

Example 20 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-5-bromo-2-methoxy-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 399.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.78 (m, 2H), 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.91 (m, 3H), 6.95 (d, 1H), 6.97 (d, 1H), 7.02 (s, 1H), 7.13 (d, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.71 (d, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H).

Example 21 5-Benzenesulfonyl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid (3-azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-amide

ESI-MS: 435.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.91 (m, 3H), 4.14 (m, 2H), 6.66 (d, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 6.81 (d, 1H), 7.00 (d, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.71 (d, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H).

Example 22 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-2-methoxy-5-methyl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 333.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 1.78 (m, 3H), 2.20 (s, 3H), 3.81 (m, 3H), 4.14 (m, 2H), 6.75 (d, 1H), 6.80 (s, 1H), 6.81 (d, 1H), 7.00 (d, 1H), 7.18 (t, 1H), 7.71 (d, 1H), 7.80 (s, 1H).

Example 23 5-(2-Methylsulfanyl-pyrimidin-4-yl)-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid (3-azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-amide

ESI-MS: 417.1 [M−H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 3.85 (s, 3H), 3.91 (m, 3H), 4.10 (m, 2H), 6.70 (d, 1H), 6.89 (m, 2H), 7.04 (d, 1H), 7.36 (d, 1H), 7.58 (d, 1H), 7.83 (s, 1H), 8.58 (m, 1H).

Example 24 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-cyano-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 313.9 [M+H]⁺

Example 25 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-methoxy-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 319.0 [M+H]⁺

Example 26 5-Chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonic acid (4-azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-amide

ESI-MS: 393.3 [M+H]⁺

Example 27 N-(4-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-4-fluoro-3-oxazol-4-yl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 374.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 28 N-(4-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-4-fluoro-3-oxazol-5-yl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 374.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 29 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-difluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 355.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 30 N-(4-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-difluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 355.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 31 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 357.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 32 N-(3-Azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 373.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 33 5-Chloro-3-methyl-benzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonic acid (4-azetidin-3-yl-phenyl)-methyl-amide

tert-Butyl 3-(4-(5-chloro-3-methylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonamido)phenyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (216 mg, 0.44 mmol) was stirred in THF (5 ml) and NaH (25 mg, 0.53 mmol) was added. After stirring at r.t. for 15 min, methyl iodide (0.028 ml, 0.44 mmol) was added and stirring was continued for 116 h. The solution was concentrated in vacuo, dissolved in water (pH 11) and extracted with EtOAc. The organic extracts were dried (MgSO₄), filtered and concentrated to give tert-butyl 3-(4-(5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonamido)phenyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (=starting compound methylated at the amido-N) (185 mg, 83%).

ESI-MS: 508.1 [M+H]⁺

tert-Butyl 3-(4-(5-chloro-N,3-dimethylbenzo[b]thiophene-2-sulfonamido)phenyl)azetidine-1-carboxylate (185 mg, 0.36 mmol) was stirred in formic acid (3 ml) at 0° C. for 3.5 h. The solution was concentrated, dissolved in water, concentrated HCl was added and the solution was concentrated by lyophylisation to give the title compound (144 mg, 87%) as a white foam.

ESI-MS: 408.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 34 3-((S)-2,2-Difluoro-1-methyl-ethyl)-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

Following the same procedure as described in Example 1.7, (S)-3-(4-amino-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine was coupled with (S)-3-(1,1-difluoropropan-2-yl)benzene-1-sulfonyl chloride to give the title compound.

ESI-MS: 424.1 [M+H]⁺

The compounds of Examples 35 to 58 were prepared by following the same procedure.

Example 35 5-Isoxazol-5-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

ESI-MS: 418.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 36 5-Isoxazol-3-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

ESI-MS: 418.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 37 5-Oxazol-5-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

ESI-MS: 418.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 38 3-((S)-2-Methyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 428.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 39

Thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

Following the same procedure as described in Example 1.7, 4-(1-propylazetidin-3-yl)aniline was coupled with thiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride to give the title compound.

ESI-MS: 337.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO): δ (ppm) 0.88 (t, 3H), 1.45 (m, 2H), 3.11 (m, 2H), 3.97 (m, 3H), 4.22 (m, 1H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 7.11 (m, 3H), 7.29 (m, 2H), 7.54 (m, 1H), 7.84 (m, 1H).

Example 40 2,5-Dichloro-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 400.8 [M+H]⁺

Example 41 N-[4-(1-Propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 400.8 [M+H]⁺

Example 42 N-[4-(1-Propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 467.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 43 2,5-Dimethyl-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 359.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 44 3-Chloro-4-fluoro-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 383.0 [M+H]⁺

Example 45 3-Fluoro-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide ESI-ESI-MS: 349.0 [M+H]⁺349.1 Example 46 2,5-Dichloro-thiophene-3-sulfonic acid [4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

ESI-MS: 404.9 [M+H]⁺

Example 47 5-Chloro-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

ESI-MS: 370.9 [M+H]⁺

Example 48 3-Chloro-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 365.1[M+H]⁺

Example 49 3,5-Dichloro-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 400.8 [M+H]⁺

Example 50 3-Methyl-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 345.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 51 2,3-Dichloro-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 400.8 [M+H]⁺

Example 52 3-Bromo-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 410.9 [M+H]⁺

Example 53 5-Isoxazol-3-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

ESI-MS: 404.0 [M+H]⁺

Example 54 3,4-Difluoro-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 367.0 [M+H]⁺

Example 55 3-Cyano-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 356.3 [M+H]⁺

Example 56 4-Fluoro-3-oxazol-4-yl-N-[4-(1-propyl-azetidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 416.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 57 4-Fluoro-3-oxazol-4-yl-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 430.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 58 4-Fluoro-3-oxazol-5-yl-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

ESI-MS: 430.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 59 5-Bromo-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride 59.1 (S)-2-Phenyl-succinic acid dimethyl ester

5 g of (S)-2-phenyl succinic acid (25.75 mmol) were dissolved in 50 ml of methanol. At 4° C., 4.7 ml of thionyl chloride (64.37 mmol) were added dropwise. The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h, the solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure. The residue that remained was dissolved in diethyl ether, washed once with saturated aqueous NaHCO₃ solution, reextracted with diethyl ether, and the combined organic layers dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and evaporated to dryness to yield 5.8 g of the desired product. ESI-MS: 223.1 [M+H]⁺

59.2 (S)-2-Phenyl-butane-1,4-diol

2.54 g of lithium aluminium hydride (66.95 mmol) were suspended under ice cooling in 25 ml of tetrahydrofuran. 5.8 g of (S)-2-phenyl succinic acid dimethyl ester (25.75 mmol) dissolved in 25 ml of tetrahydrofuran were added slowly at 5-10° C. Stirring was continued for 15 minutes and then 15 ml of tetrahydrofuran/water (1:1) were added dropwise. The suspension was adjusted to pH 3-4 with conc. hydrochloric acid, filtered and the filter washed with dichloromethane. The filtrate was evaporated to dryness, taken up in diethylether, washed with saturated sodium hydrogen carbonate solution, reextracted with diethylether, and the combined organic layers dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 4.2 g of the diol. ESI-MS: 189.1 [M+Na]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 7.25-7.4 (m, 2H), 7.15-7.3 (m, 3H), 4.2-4.35 (m, 2H), 3.2 (m, 1H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.1-2.3 (m, 3H).

59.3 Methanesulfonic acid (S)-4-methanesulfonyloxy-3-phenyl-butyl ester

4.19 g of (S)-2-phenyl-butane-1,4-diol (25.21 mmol) were dissolved in 50 ml of dichloromethane. 10.53 ml of triethylamine (75.6 mmol) were added, and, under ice cooling, 5 ml of methansulfonyl chloride (64.34 mmol). Stirring was continued for 15 minutes and then 40 ml of water were added. The organic phase was separated, and the aqueous phase extracted with dichloromethane. The combined organic layers were dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 8.37 g of the product.

59.4 (S)-3-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

2.0 g of methanesulfonic acid (S)-4-methanesulfonyloxy-3-phenyl-butyl ester (5.51 mmol) were dissolved in 5 ml of n-propylamine (60.82 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 h at room temperature, diethyl ether added, the organic phase washed twice with water. The aqueous phase was reextracted once with diethylether, the organic layers combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 1.09 g of the product. ESI-MS: 190.1 [M+H]⁺

59.5 (S)-3-(4-Nitro-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

0.3 g of (S)-3-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine (1.48 mmol) was dissolved in 2 ml of conc. sulphuric acid under argon and ice cooling. 165.16 mg of potassium nitrate (1.63 mmol) were added in small portions. The reaction mixture was stirred for 15 minutes under ice cooling, for 15 h at room temperature, and poured onto crushed ice. The aqueous solution was made alkaline with 25% sodium hydroxide, extracted three times with diethyl ether, the aqueous phase reextracted once with diethylether, the organic layers combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 0.326 g of a brownish oil. A second reaction yielded another 0.919 g of the desired product.

ESI-MS: 235.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃): δ [ppm] 8.15 (d, 2H), 7.45 (d, 2H), 3.4-3.5 (m, 1H), 2.9-3.0 (m, 1H), 2.75 (m, 1H), 2.3-2.6 (m, 4H), 1.8-1.9 (m, 1H), 1.5-1.65 (m, 3H), 0.95 (m, 3H).

59.6 (S)-3-(4-Amino-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

0.907 g of (S)-3-(4-nitro-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine (3.59 mmol) were dissolved in 20 ml of methanol, 7.0 g of tin dichloride (31.02 mmol) added, and the reaction mixture stirred under reflux for 1 h. The methanol was evaporated, 60 ml of 1 N sodium hydroxide and dichloromethane added, and the phases separated after extensive stirring. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with dichloromethane, the organic layers combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 0.744 g of the crude amino compound. ESI-MS: 205.2 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ [ppm] 6.9 (d, 2H), 6.45 (d, 2H), 4.7 (s, broad, 2H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.25-2.45 (m, 3H), 2.1 (m, 1H), 1.65 (m, 1H), 1.4-1.5 (m, 2H), 0.85 (m, 3H).

59.7 5-Bromo-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

400 mg g of (S)-3-(4-amino-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine hydrochloride (1.66 mmol) and 435 mg of (0.33 mmol) of 5-bromothiophene-2-sulfonyl chloride (1.66 mmol) were dissolved in 15 ml of tetrahydrofuran. 1.2 ml of triethylamine (8.3 mmol) were added and the reaction mixture was stirred for 15 h at room temperature. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue was treated with water and adjusted to an alkaline pH with sodium hydroxide solution. The aqueous layer was extracted three times with diethyl ether, the organic layers were combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified with silica gel chromatography with ethyl dichloromethane/methanol (0-6%) as eluent, yielding 45 mg of the purified product. This material was dissolved in 10 ml of diethyl ether and 0.055 ml of 1 N HCl in diethyl ether were added, and after formation of a precipitate, the suspension was evaporated under reduced pressure to yield 50 mg of a white precipitate.

ESI-MS: 431.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO): δ [ppm] 11.2 and 11.0 (2 s, broad, 1H), 10.65 (m, 1H), 7.2-7.4 (several m, 4H), 7.1 (m, 2H), 3.0-3.8 (several m, 7H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.0 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 2H), 0.9 (m, 3H).

Example 60 5-Propyl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using 5-propyl-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride which itself was prepared from commercially available 2-propyl-thiophene through reaction with chlorosulfonic acid.

ESI-MS: 393.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.3 (d, 1H), 7.2 (d, 2H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 6.65 (d, 1H), 3.35 (m, 1H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.9 (m, 1H), 2.75 (m, 3H), 2.5 (m, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 1H), 1.5-1.7 (m, 4H), 0.9 (m, 6H).

Example 61 3-Bromo-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 3-bromo-4-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 507.05/509.05 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 11.1-11.4 (broad, 1H), 10.6 (broad, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H); 7.9 (d, 1H), 7.7 (d, 1H), 7.35 (d, 1H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.2-3.8 (several m, 4H), 2.95-3.15 (several m, 3H), 2.8 (m, 1H), 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 62 5-Chloro-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as in Example 59 using commercially available 5-chloro-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 385.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.25 (d, 1H), 7.2 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 6.8 (d, 1H), 5.1 (bs, 1H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.05 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.7 (m, 1H), 2.4-2.6 (several m, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H), 1.55 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 63 N-(3-Piperidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

ESI-MS: 401.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.55 (broad, 1H), 9.35 (broad, 1H), 9.2 (broad, 1H), 7.8 (d, 1H), 7.7 (m, 1H), 7.65 (m, 2H), 7.2 (t, 1H), 7.0 (m, 3H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 3.2 (m, 1H), 2.8-3.0 (m, 3H), 1.7-1.9 (m, 3H), 1.5-1.65 (m, 1H).

Example 64 3-Cyano-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 3-cyanobenzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 370.4 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.8 (broad, 2H), 8.2 (s, 1H), 8.1 (d, 1H), 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.8 (t, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.0-3.8 (several m, 7H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 65 N-[3-((S)-1-Benzyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzene sulfonamide

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 3-trifluoromethyl-benzene sulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 461.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.0 (s (1H), 7.9 (d, 1H), 7.75 (d, 1H), 7.55 (t, 1H), 7.2-7.4 (several m, 6H), 7.15 (m, 1H), 7.05 (d, 1H), 6.95 (s, 1H), 6.9 (d, 1H), 3.65 (s, 2H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 2.95 (m, 1H), 2.75 (m, 2H), 2.45 (m, 1H), 2.25 (m, 1H), 1.75 (m, 1H),

Example 66 5-Pyridin-2-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 5-Pyridin-2-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 428.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.8-11.2 (broad, 1H), 10.6 (m, 1H), 8.55 (d, 1H), 8.0 (d, 1H), 7.9 (t, 1H), 7.8 (d, 1H), 7.6 (d, 1H), 7.3-7-4 (m, 2H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 7.15 (m, 2H), 3.8 (m, 1H), 3.65 (m, 1H), 3.6 (m, 1H), 3.3-3.5 (m, 1H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 3.0-3.15 (m, 2H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 2.0 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 67 N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzene sulfonamide

A solution of N-[3-((S)-1-benzyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzene sulfonamid (620 mg, 1.34 mmol) (Example 65) in methanol (30 ml) was hydrogenated using the ThalesNano H-Cube® hydrogenation reactor employing a 10% palladium on charcoal catalyst cartridge. After concentration of the solution under reduced pressure, the crude product was purified with silica gel chromatography with ethyl acetate/methanol (1:1; 0:1) as eluent, yielding 328 mg of the purified product.

ESI-MS: 371.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (MeOD, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.9 (m, 2H), 7.7 (m, 1H), 7.55 (m, 1H), 7.0 (m, 1H), 6.7-6.85 (m, 3H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 2H), 3.05-3.15 (m, 2H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.7 (m, 1H), 2.1 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 1H).

Example 68 5-Pyridin-2-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-allyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 5-bromo-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride (Example 59) using commercially available 5-pyridin-2-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride and 4-((S)-1-allyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenylamine.

ESI-MS: 426.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 69 5-Pyridin-2-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid ((S)-4-pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-amide hydrochloride

36 mg of Pd₂(dba)3 (0.04 mmol) and 24 mg of 1,4-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-butane (0.06 mmol) were dissolved in 10 ml of tetrahydrofuran. After stirring for 20 min, 5-pyridin-2-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-allyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide (235 mg, 0.55 mmol) (Example 68) and 2-mercapto-benzoic acid (160 mg, 1.04 mmol) were added, each as a solution in 3 ml of tetrahydrofuran. The reaction mixture was stirred for 20 h at room temperature. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate and extracted with 0.5 N HCl. The aqueous phase was adjusted to an alkaline pH with sodium hydroxide solution and then extracted three times with dichloromethane. The organic layers were combined, dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified by chromatography (Chromabond-C18) with H₂O/acetonitrile (95:5; 0:100; 95:5)/0.1% acetic acid as eluent. To a solution of the so obtained oil in 2-propanol HCl in diethylether was added. The solid formed was filtered and dried in a vacuum oven to obtain 8 mg of the title compound.

ESI-MS: 386.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.5 (d, 1H), 7.95 (d, 1H), 7.85 (t, 1H), 7.7 (d, 1H), 7.4 (d, 1H), 7.3 (m, 1H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 3.4 (m, 1H), 3.2-3.3 (m, 2H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.2 (m, 1H), 1.7-1.85 (m, 1H).

Example 70 3-Bromo-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 3-bromo-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 423.0/425.0 [M+H]⁺

Example 71 N-[4-((S)-1-Propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-pyrrolidin-1-yl-benzenesulfonamide

0.4 g of 3-Bromo-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (0.94 mmol), 0.156 ml pyrrolidin (1.89 mmol), 160 mg sodium tert-butanolate ((1.66 mmol) and 540 mg sodium sulfate were dissolved in 15 ml of tetrahydrofuran and heated to 50° C. 120 mg of 2,2′-bis(diphenylphosphino)-1,1′-binaphthalene (0.19 mmol) and 85 mg tri(dibenzylidenacetone)dipalladium(0) (0.09 mmol) were added and the reaction stirred for 4 h under reflux. After workup, the partially converted starting material was reacted again under the same reaction conditions until completion. The solvents were evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue was treated with dichloromethane and water, the organic layer was dried over magnesium sulfate, filtered, and the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified with silica gel chromatography with dichloromethane/methanol (0-20%) as eluent using a semi-automated ISCO companion instrument, yielding 0.309 g of the purified product.

ESI-MS: 414.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.2 (m, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.0 (m, 3H), 6.8 (s, 1H), 6.65 (d, 1H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.2 (m, 4H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.8 (m, 1H), 2.6 (m, 1H), 2.3-2.5 (several m, 3H), 2.25 (m, 1H), 2.0 (m, 4H), 1.75 (m, 1H), 1.5 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 72 3-(2-Methyl-pyrrolidin-1-yl)-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

0.023 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 71.

ESI-MS: 428.2/443.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆): δ [ppm] 10.8-11.2 (broad, 1H), 10.2 (m, 1H), 7.2-7.35 (several m, 3H), 7.1 (m, 2H), 6.95 (d, 1H), 6.8 (s, 1H), 6.7 (d, 1H), 2.9-3.9 (several m, 8H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.8-2.1 (several m, 4H), 1.6-1.75 (several m, 3H), 1.0 (d, 3H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 73 5-Pyrazol-1-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

0.2 g of 5-bromo-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide (0.47 mmol), 0.038 g pyrazole (0.56 mmol), 0.005 g Cu₂O (0.03 mmol), 0.015 g of salicylaldoxim (0.11 mmol) and 0.3 g of cesium carbonate (0.93 mmol) were dissolved in 3 ml acetonitrile and heated in a microwave instrument (CEM) at 120° C. for 4 h. The reaction mixture was filtered over celite, the filtrate was evaporated under reduced pressure, the residue was treated with dichloromethane and water, and the organic layer were washed with saturated aqueous sodium chloride. The organic phase was evaporated under reduced pressure and the crude product was purified with preparative HPLC yielding 0.02 g of the purified product.

ESI-MS: 417.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.65-11.0 (broad, 1H), 10.55 (s, 1H), 8.55 (s, 1H), 7.8 (s, 1H), 7.5 (s, 1H), 7.35 (d, 2H), 7.3 (m, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 6.6 (s, 1H), 2.9-3.85 (several m, 7H), 2.3-2.4 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.1 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 74 4,5-Dichloro-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 4,5-dichloro-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 419/421 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.9-11.2 (broad, 1H), 10.8 (s, 1H), 7.7 (s, 1H), 7.4 (d, 1H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 7.2 (d, 2H), 3.8 (m, 1H), 3.2-3.7 (several m, 3H), 2.95-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 1.9-2.1 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.8 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 75 5-[1,2,3]Thiadiazol-4-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 5-[1,2,3]Thiadiazol-4-yl-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 435.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.55-10.85 (broad, 1H), 10.6 (s, 1H), 9.7 (s, 1H), 7.8 (d, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.3-7.4 (m, 2H), 7.2 (d, 2H), 3.2-3.8 (several m, 4H), 2.95-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.1 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 76 5-Trifluoromethyl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

5-trifluoromethyl-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride was prepared from commercially available 2-trifluoromethyl-thiophene through reaction with chlorosulfonic acid in dichloromethane and subsequent silica gel chromatography (¹H-NMR of the sulfonylchloride (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.9 (1H, d), 7.5 (1H, d)).

ESI-MS: 419.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.8-11.1 (broad, 2H), 7.8 (d, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.25-7.4 (m, broad, 2H), 7.1-7.2 (d, 2H), 3.2-3.9 (several m, 4H), 2.9-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.1 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.8 (m, 2H), 0.95 (t, 3H).

Example 77 N-[3-((S)-1-Methyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The product was obtained after reductive amination of N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (of Example 67) with formaldehyde and sodium triacetoxy borohydride in dichloromethane in the presence of acetic acid.

ESI-MS: 385.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.5-11.0 (broad, 2H), 7.9-8.1 (m, 3H), 7.8 (m, 1H), 7.25 (m, 1H), 7.1 (m, 1H), 7.1. (s, 1H), 6.95 (d, 1H), 3.0-3.8 (m, 5H), 2.85 (s, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.05 (m, 1H).

Example 78 5-(2-Methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 5-(2-Methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-thiophene-2-sulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 448.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 9.7-11.0 (broad, 1H), 8.0 (s, 1H), 7.5 (d, 1H), 7.45 (d, 1H), 7.2 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 2.84 (m, 1H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 2.6-2.7 (m, 2H), 2.3-2.5 (m, 3H), 2.1-2.2 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.7 (m, 1H), 1.4-1.5 (m, 2H), 0.8-0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 79 N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-2-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

The product was prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 67). Deprotection of the N-benzyl derivative was achieved through hydrogenation in the H-Cube™.

ESI-MS: 389.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 80 N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

The product was prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 67). Deprotection of the N-benzyl derivative was achieved through hydrogenation in the H-Cube™.

ESI-MS: 389.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.8 (s, 1H), 7.7-7.8 (m, 2H), 6.95 (t, 1H), 6.8 (s, 1H), 6.75 (d, 1H), 6.6 (d, 1H), 5.8 (very broad, 2H), 3.45 (m, 1H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.1-3.25 (m, 2H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.2 (m, 1H), 1.75 (m, 1H).

Example 81 N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-4-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

The product was prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 67). Deprotection of the N-benzyl derivative was achieved through hydrogenation in the H-Cube™.

ESI-MS: 389.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.05 (m, 1H), 8.0 (m, 1H), 7.6 (t, 1H), 7.0 (m, 2H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.8 (d, 1H), 6.7 (d, 1H), 5.8 (very broad, 2H), 3.4 (m, 1H), 3.2 (m, 2H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.2 (m, 1H), 1.75 (m, 1H).

Example 82 N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-2-methoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

The product was prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 67). Deprotection of the N-benzyl derivative was achieved through hydrogenation in the H-Cube™.

ESI-MS: 401.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.0 (s, 1H), 7.9 (m, 1H), 7.35 (d, 1H), 7.1 (m, 1H), 7.0 (m, 1H), 6.85-6.95 (m, 2H), 3.9 (s, 3H), 3.0-3.4 (several m, 4H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.1 (m, 1H), 1.6 (m, 1H).

Example 83 3,5-Dibromo-4-(2-fluoro-ethoxy)-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

The corresponding sulfonylchloride was prepared from commercially available 2,6-dibromophenol via reaction with 1-bromo-2-fluoro-ethane and cesium carbonate and subsequent formation of the sulfonylchloride through reaction with chloro sulfonic acid (¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz) of 3,5-dibromo-4(2-fluoro-ethoxy)phenylsulfonylchloride: δ [ppm] 8.2 (s, 2H), 4.9 (m, 1H), 4.8 (m, 1H), 4.45 (m, 1H), 4.4 (m, 1H)).

ESI-MS: 565.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.85 (s, 2H), 7.2 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 4.85 (m, 1H), 4.7 (m, 1H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 4.25 (m, 1H), 3.35 (m, 1H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.9 (m, 1H), 2.8 (m, 1H), 2.45-2.6 (m, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 1H), 1.6 (m, 2H), 0.95 (t, 3H).

Example 84 3-difluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as in Example 59 using commercially available 3-difluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 411.5 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.2-11.1 (very broad, 2H), 7.65 (m, 2H), 7.5 (s, 1H), 7.45 (m, 1H), 7.25 (m, 2H), 7.1 (m, 2H), 3.1-3.8 (m, 5H), 3.1 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.9-2.0 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 85 5-bromo-2,4-difluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 5-bromo-2,4-difluoro-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 459.0/461.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.9 (very broad), 8.1 (t, 1H), 7.75 (t, 1H), 7.3 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.15-3.8 (m, 5H), 3.1 (m, 2H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 1.9-2.0 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 86 3-Bromo-2,4-difluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 3-bromo-2,4-difluoro-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 459.4/461.4 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.9 (very broad), 7.9 (q, 1H), 7.45 (t, 1H), 7.3 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.15-3.8 (m, 5H), 3.1 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.9-2.0 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 87 N-[4-((S)-1-Propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 3,5-bis-trifluoromethoxy-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 481.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.8 (very broad), 8.5 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 2H), 7.3 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.15-3.7 (m, 5H), 3.1 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.9-2.0 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 88 3-Bromo-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 3-bromo-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonylchloride.

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.7 (very broad), 8.3 (s, 1H), 8.15 (s, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.3 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.15-3.7 (m, 5H), 3.1 (m, 2H), 2.25-2.4 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 89 N-[4-((S)-1-Propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-2,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 2,5-bis-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 481.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.5-11.0 (very broad), 8.35 (s, 1H), 8.25 (s, 2H), 7.3 (broad, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.2-3.8 (m, 4H), 2.9-3.1 (m, 3H), 2.25-2.4 (m, 1H), 1.8-2.05 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 90 5-Methyl-thiophene-2-sulfonic acid [4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-amide hydrochloride

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 5-methyl-thiopene-2-sulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 365.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 11.1-11.2 (very broad), 10.85-11.0 (very broad), 10.4 (m, 1H), 7.4 (d, 1H), 7.3 (d, 1H), 7.25 (d, 1H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 6.8 (s, 1H), 3.2-3.8 (m, 4H), 2.95-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.45 (s, 3H), 2.25-2.4 (m, 1H), 1.85-2.1 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 91 2-Methoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

The title product was obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described in Example 59 using commercially available 2-methoxy-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 443.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.9 (very broad), 10.25 (very broad), 7.95 (m, 2H), 7.4 (d, 1H), 7.3 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.95 (s, 3H), 2.9-3.8 (several m, 7H), 2.25-2.35 (m, 1H), 1.8-2.0 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 92 N—((R)-3-Pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

The product was prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 67). Deprotection of the N-benzyl derivative was achieved through hydrogenation in the H-Cube™.

ESI-MS: 371.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.0 (m, 2H), 7.85 (d, 1H), 7.7 (m, 1H), 7.0 (t, 1H), 6.85 (s, 1H), 6.8 (d, 1H), 6.7 (d, 1H), 3.35 (m, 1H), 3.0-3.2 (m, 3H), 2.75 (m, 1H), 2.05-2.2 (m, 1H), 1.6-1.75 (m, 1H).

Example 93 3-(2-Methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-N—((S)-3-pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-benzenesulfonamide

The product was prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[3-((S)-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 67). Deprotection of the N-benzyl derivative was achieved through hydrogenation with ammoniumformate and 10% Pd/C.

ESI-MS: 400.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.4 (s, 1H), 8.1 (d, 1H), 8.0 (s, 1H), 7.65 (d, 1H), 7.55 (t, 1H), 7.1 (t, 1H), 7.0 (s, 1H), 6.8-6.9 (m, 2), 3.2 (m, 1H), 2.85-3.1 (m, 3H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 2.0-2.1 (m, 1H), 1.5-1.65 (m, 1H).

Example 94 N-[4-((3S,5R)-5-Methyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

The product was prepared via the following intermediates:

94.1 (2S,4S)-4-Phenyl-pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester 2-methyl ester

4.48 g of commercially available (2S,4S)-Boc-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (15.37 mmol) were dissolved in 50 ml dimethylformamide. 2.59 g of potassium carbonate (18.76 mmol) and 2.66 g of methyl iodide (18.76 mmol) were added and the reaction was stirred for 48 h at room temperature. Standard work-up with ethyl acetate yielded 5.3 of the product.

ESI-MS: 206.1 (-Boc), 250.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.2-7.35 (m, 5H), 4.4-4.55 (m, 1H), 3.9-4.1 (m, 1H), 3.75 (s, 3H), 3.55 (m, 1H), 3.4 (m, 1H), 2.35 (m, 2H), 1.45 (m, 9H).

94.2 (2S,4S)-2-Hydroxymethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

4.2 g of (2S,4S)-4-Phenyl-pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester 2-methyl ester (13.75 mmol) in 30 ml tetrahydrofuran were slowly added to a suspension of 0.27 g of lithium aluminium hydride in 50 ml tetrahydrofurane. Stirring was continued for 5 h at 0-5° C. and for 14 h at room temperature. For workup, a mixture of tetrahydrofurane/water (1:1) was slowly added to the reaction mixture at 0° C. The solvent was then evaporated under reduced pressure, water was added and the pH was adjusted to about 5 with 20% aqueous citric acid. The aqueous phase was extracted four times with ethyl acetate, the organic layers were combined, dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered, and the solvent was removed under reduced pressure to yield 3.85 of product.

ESI-MS: 222.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.2-7.4 (m, 5H), 4.15 (m, 1H), 3.65-3.8 (m, 3H), 3.35-3.5 (m, 2H), 3.1 (broad, 1H), 2.15 (m, 1H), 2.05 (m, 1H), 1.5 (s, 9H).

94.3 (2S,4S)-2-Methanesulfonyloxymethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

To 2.5 g of (2S,4S)-2-Hydroxymethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (9.01 mmol) in 70 ml dichloromethane were added 1.92 g of triethylamine (18.02 mmol) and 1.03 g of methanesulfonylchloride (9.01 mmol), dissolved in 5 ml dichloromethane. The reaction was stirred for 16 h at room temperature and yielded 3.4 g of product after standard workup.

ESI-MS: 300.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

94.4 (2R,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

3.4 g of (2S,4S)-2-Methanesulfonyloxymethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (9.56 mmol) were dissolved in 50 ml tetrahydrofurane. After addition of 15.1 ml lithium-dimethylaminoborohydride (14.34 mmol; 1 M in tetrahydrofurane), 1.93 ml triethylborane (1 M in tetrahydrofurane) were added and the reaction mixture stirred under reflux for 20 min. Standard workup gave 2.7 g of crude product which was purified via silica gel chromatography using a ISCO Companion instrument, yielding 1.69 g of purified product.

ESI-MS: 206.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.2-7.35 (m, 5H), 3.9-4.0 (m, 1H), 3.7 (m, 1H), 3.5 (m, 1H), 3.15 (m, 1H), 2.3 (d, 3H), 2.15 (m, 1H), 1.9 (m, 1H), 1.4 (s, 9H).

94.5 (2R,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine

1.68 g of (2R,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (6.42 mmol) were dissolved in 40 ml dichloromethane and 19.2 ml (38.56 mmol) 2N HCl in diethylether dropwise added. After stirring at room temperature for 16 h, the solvents were evaporated, the residue was dissolved in water, the pH was adjusted to pH 9 with aqueous sodium hydroxide, and the aqueous phase was extracted three times with ethyl acetate. The organic phases were combined, dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to yield 1.05 g of product.

ESI-MS: 162.2 [M+H]⁺

94.6 (2R,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

1.05 g of (2R,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine (6.51 mmol) were dissolved in 30 ml dichloromethane, 0.58 g of acetic acid, 0.56 g of propionic aldehyde (9.76 mmol) and 2.07 g of sodium triacetoxyborohydride (9.76 mmol) were slowly added in portions.

After stirring at room temperature for 90 min., the solvent was evaporated, water was added and the pH was adjusted to pH 6. The aqueous phase was extracted three times with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to yield 1.48 g of product.

ESI-MS: 204.1 [M+H]⁺

Nitration followed by reduction of the nitro group with stannous dichloride and coupling of the aniline with 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl sulfonyl chloride was performed as already described for other examples to yield 0.088 g of N-[4-((3S,5R)-5-Methyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride.

ESI-MS: 427.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.65 (broad, 1H), 10.5 (1H), 7.95-8.1 (m, 3H), 7.8 (t, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 3.8 (m, 1H), 3.65 (m, 1H), 3.5 (m, 1H), 3.25 (m, 1H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.95 (m, 1H), 2.2 (m, 1H), 2.1 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 2H), 1.4 (d, 3H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 95 N-[4-(trans-4-Fluoromethyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

The product was prepared via the following intermediates:

95.1 trans-3-Fluoromethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

1.5 g trans-3-hydroxymethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester (5.41 mmol) were dissolved in 20 ml dichloromethane and 1.31 g of diethylaminosulfurtrifluoride (DAST, 8.1 mmol) in 2 ml dichloromethane were added at 0° C. The reaction mixture was stirred for 72 h at room temperature, further dichloromethane and water were added, the organic phase was separated, dried over magnesium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to dryness to yield 1.7 g of a light yellowish oil. The crude product was purified via silica gel chromatography using n-heptane/ethyl acetate (6:4) as eluent to yield 1.08 g product.

ESI-MS: 224.1 (-Boc) [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.2-7.4 (m, 5H), 4.45 (m, 0.5H), 4.35 (m, 1H), 4.25 (m, 0.5H), 3.9 (m, 1H), 3.8 (m, 1H), 3.3-3.5 (m, 2H), 3.2 (m, 1H), 2.5-2.7 (m, 1H), 1.45 (s, 9H).

95.2 trans-3-Fluoromethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 180.1 [M+H]⁺

95.3 trans-3-Fluoromethyl-4-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 222.1 [M+H]⁺

95.4 trans-3-Fluoromethyl-4-(4-nitro-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 267.1 [M+H]⁺

95.5 trans-3-Fluoromethyl-4-(4-amino-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 237.1 [M+H]⁺

Coupling of trans-3-fluoromethyl-4-(4-amino-phenyl)-1-propyl-pyrrolidine with 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl sulfonyl chloride using methods already described for other examples yielded 0.155 g of N-[4-(trans-4-fluoromethyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide.

ESI-MS: 445.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.6 (broad, 1H), 8.0-8.1 (m, 2H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.8 (t, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 4.4 (m, 1H), 4.3 (m, 1H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.2 (m, 1H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.9 (m, 2H), 2.75 (m, 2H), 2.55 (m, 1H), 1.5-1.6 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 96 3-(5-Methyl-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-yl)-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

0.047 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (Example 1) using commercially available 3-(5-Methyl-[1,3,4]oxadiazol-2-yl)-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 427.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.4 (s, 1H), 8.2 (d, 1H), 7.9 (d, 1H), 7.55 (t, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 3.35 (m, 1H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.9 (m, 1H), 2.8 (m, 1H), 2.6 (s, 3H), 2.55 (m, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 1H), 1.6 (m, 2H), 0.95 (t, 3H).

Example 97 3-Fluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide trifluoroacetate

0.0065 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (Example 1) using commercially available 3-fluoro-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 363.1 [M+H]⁺

Example 98 3-Chloro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

0.118 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide using commercially available 3-chloro-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 379.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.75 (s, 1H), 7.6 (d, 1H), 7.5 (d, 1H), 7.35 (t, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.8 (m, 1H), 2.7 (m, 1H), 2.4-2.55 (m, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H), 1.55 (m, 2H), 0.95 (t, 3H).

Example 99 3-(2-Methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

0.113 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (Example 1) using commercially available 3-(2-Methyl-thiazol-4-yl)-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 442.0 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.4 (s, 1H), 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.7 (d, 1H), 7.4 (m, 2H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 3.55 (m, 2H), 3.2-3.5 (m, broad, 2H), 2.9-3.0 (m, 3H), 2.7 (s, 3H), 2.35 (m, 1H), 2.0-2.1 (m, 1H), 1.75-1.9 (m, 2H), 0.95 (t, 3H).

Example 100 N-[4-((S)-1-Allyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

0.01 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (Example 1) using commercially available 3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 411.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.9 (d, 1H), 7.8 (d, 1H), 7.6 (t, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 6.95 (d, 2H), 5.9 (m, 1H), 5.2 (d, 1H), 5.1 (d, 1H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.1-3.2 (m, 2H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.8 (m, 1H), 2.65 (m, 1H), 2.45 (m, 1H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H).

Example 101 N—((S)-4-Pyrrolidin-3-yl-phenyl)-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

0.071 g of tris-(dibenzylidenaceton)-dipalladium(0) (0.08 mmol) and 0.033 g of 1,3-bis-(diphenylphosphino)-butane (0.08 mmol) were dissolved in 20 ml tetrahydrofurane and stirred for 30 min. 0.32 g of N-[4-((S)-1-allyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (0.78 mmol), dissolved in 5 ml tetrahydrofurane, were added to the solution, followed by 0.129 g 2-mercaptobenzoic acid (0.84 mmol). The reaction mixture was stirred at room temperature for 72 h, the solvent was evaporated, and dichloromethane and 1 N aqueous hydrochloric acid were added. The aqueous phase was adjusted to basic pH, extracted with dichlormethane and the combined organic layers were washed with aqueous sodium chloride solution, dried over sodium sulphate, filtered and evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure. The crude product was purified via silica gel chromatography using a ISCO companion instrument to yield 0.01 g of product.

ESI-MS: 371.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 8.0 (d, 1H), 7.95 (s, 1H), 7.8 (d, 1H), 7.7 (t, 1H), 6.95 (d, 2H), 6.85 (d, 2H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.05-3.2 (m, 2H), 3.0 (m, 1H), 2.7 (m, 1H), 2.1 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 1H).

Example 102 4-Fluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

0.253 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (Example 1) using commercially available 3-trifluoromethyl-4-fluoro-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 431.2 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.5 (broad, 1H), 8.1 (m, 1H), 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.75 (t, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 3.2-3.6 (m, 5H), 3.0 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.9 (m, 1H), 1.65 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 103 3-Fluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

0.080 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (Example 1) using commercially available 3-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 431.4 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.55 (broad), 8.1 (d, 1H), 7.9 (d, 1H), 7.8 (s, 1H), 7.3 (d, 2H), 7.1 (d, 2H), 3.2-3.6 (m, 5H), 3.1 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.95 (m, 1H), 1.7 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 104 2-Fluoro-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide

0.103 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for 3-trifluoromethoxy-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide (Example 1) using commercially available 2-fluoro-5-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonylchloride.

ESI-MS: 431.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.7 (very broad, 1H), 8.1 (m, 1H), 8.05 (d, 1H), 7.7 (t, 1H), 7.25 (d, 2H), 7.05 (d, 2H), 3.1-3.6 (m, 5H), 2.9-3.0 (m, 2H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.85 (m, 1H), 1.6 (m, 2H), 0.9 (t, 3H).

Example 105 3-Morpholin-4-yl-N-[4-((S)-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-benzenesulfonamide

0.033 g of the desired product were obtained following the same synthetic procedure as described for N-[4-((S)-1-Propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-pyrrolidin-1-yl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 71) using morpholine as amine.

ESI-MS: 430.5 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (CDCl₃, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 7.2-7.35 (m, 2H), 7.1-7.2 (m, 3H), 6.95-7.05 (m, 3H), 3.8 (t, 4H), 3.3 (m, 1H), 3.1 (t, 4H), 3.05 (m, 1H), 2.85 (m, 1H), 2.7 (m, 1H), 2.4-2.6 (m, 3H), 2.3 (m, 1H), 1.8 (m, 1H), 1.55 (m, 2H), 0.95 (t, 3H).

Example 106 N-[4-(cis-2-Methyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

0.015 g of the product were prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[4-((3S,5R)-5-methyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 94) from commercially available Boc-cis-3-phenyl-pyrrolidin-2-carboxylic acid:

106.1 cis-3-Phenyl-pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester 2-methyl ester

ESI-MS: 206.1 (-Boc), 250.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

106.2 cis-2-Hydroxymethyl-3-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

ESI-MS: 222.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

106.3 cis-2-Methanesulfonyloxymethyl-3-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

ESI-MS: 256.2 (-Boc), 299.9 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

106.4 cis-2-Methyl-3-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

ESI-MS: 206.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

106.5 cis-2-Methyl-3-phenyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 162.1 [M+H]⁺

106.6 cis-2-Methyl-3-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 204.1 [M+H]⁺

106.7 cis-2-Methyl-3-(4-nitro)phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 249.1 [M+H]⁺

106.8 cis-2-Methyl-3-(4-amino)phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 219.1 [M+H]⁺

Coupling of the aniline with 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl sulfonyl chloride was performed as already described for other examples to yield 0.015 g of the final product.

ESI-MS: 427.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.3 (very broad), 8.0 (d, 1H), 7.95 (d, 1H), 7.85 (s, 1H), 7.75 (t, 1H), 7.15 (d, 2H), 7.0 (d, 2H), 3.8 (m, 1H), 3.65 (m, 1H), 3.3-3.6 (m, 2H), 3.1 (m, 1H), 2.9 (m, 1H), 2.2 (m, 2H), 1.65 (m, 2H), 0.85 (t, 3H), 0.7 (d, 3H).

Example 107 N-[4-((3S,5S)-5-Methyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide hydrochloride

0.053 g of the product were prepared as described for the synthesis of N-[4-((3S,5R)-5-methyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidin-3-yl)-phenyl]-3-trifluoromethyl-benzenesulfonamide (Example 94) from commercially available (2R,4S)-Boc-4-phenyl-pyrrolidin-2-carboxylic acid:

107.1 (2R,4S)-4-Phenyl-pyrrolidine-1,2-dicarboxylic acid 1-tert-butyl ester 2-methyl ester

ESI-MS: 206.0 (-Boc), 250.0 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

107.2 (2R,4S)-2-Hydroxymethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

ESI-MS: 222.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

107.3 (2R,4S)-2-Methanesulfonyloxymethyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

ESI-MS: 256.1 (-Boc), 300.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

107.4 (2S,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine-1-carboxylic acid tert-butyl ester

ESI-MS: 206.1 (-tBu) [M+H]⁺

107.5 (2S,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 162.1 [M+H]⁺

107.6 (2R,4S)-2-Methyl-4-phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 204.1 [M+H]⁺

107.7 (2S,4S)-2-Methyl-4-(4-nitro)phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 249.1 [M+H]⁺

107.8 (2S,4S)-Methyl-4-(4-amino)phenyl-1-propyl-pyrrolidine

ESI-MS: 219.1 [M+H]⁺

Coupling of the aniline with 3-trifluoromethyl-phenyl sulfonyl chloride was performed as already described for other examples to yield 0.053 g of the final product.

ESI-MS: 427.1 [M+H]⁺

¹H-NMR (DMSO-d₆, 400 MHz): δ [ppm] 10.6 (very broad), 8.05 (m, 1H), 8.0 (m, 2H), 7.8 (m, 1H), 7.3 (m, 2H), 7.05 (m, 2H), 3.3-3.6 (m, 4H), 3.2 (broad, 1H), 2.9 (broad, 1H), 2.4 (broad, 1H), 1.75 (broad, 2H), 1.65 (broad, 1H), 1.4 (broad, 3H), 0.9 (broad, 3H).

III. Examples of Galenic Administration Forms

A) Tablets

Tablets of the following composition are pressed on a tablet press in the customary manner:

40 mg of substance from Example 8

120 mg of corn starch

13.5 mg of gelatin

45 mg of lactose

2.25 mg of Aerosil® (chemically pure silicic acid in submicroscopically fine dispersion)

6.75 mg of potato starch (as a 6% paste)

B) Sugar-Coated Tablets

20 mg of substance from Example 8

60 mg of core composition

70 mg of saccharification composition

The core composition consists of 9 parts of corn starch, 3 parts of lactose and 1 part of 60:40 vinylpyrrolidone/vinyl acetate copolymer. The saccharification composition consists of 5 parts of cane sugar, 2 parts of corn starch, 2 parts of calcium carbonate and 1 part of talc. The sugar-coated tablets which had been prepared in this way are subsequently provided with a gastric juice-resistant coating.

IV. Biological Investigations

Receptor Binding Studies:

The substance to be tested was either dissolved in methanol/Chremophor® (BASF-AG) or in dimethyl sulfoxide and then diluted with water to the desired concentration.

Human 5HT₆ Receptor:

Characterization of the Compounds of this Invention to the Human 5-HT6 Receptor in the Binding Assay and the Functional Adenylyl Cyclase Assay

The compounds were dissolved in a concentration of 10⁻² M or 10⁻³ M in DMSO. Further dilutions were performed in incubation buffer.

Binding Assays

The procedure for the binding assay was based on the method of Monsma et al. (1993) Mol Pharmacol 43: 320-327. The binding reaction was carried out in a total volume of 0.250 ml for 60 min at 37° C. Membranes from HEK-293 cells stably expressing the human 5-HT6 receptor were incubated with 2 nM ³H-LSD in the presence or absence of various concentrations of test compound for 60 min at 37° C. Non-specific binding was defined with 100 μM Serotonin (5-HT). Assays were performed in duplicate. Bound and free radioligand was separated by filtration and bound radioactivity determined by liquid scintillation counting.

Evaluation:

The specific ligand binding to the receptors was defined as the difference between the total binding and the nonspecific binding determined in the presence of an excess of unlabelled 5-HT. The results are expressed as a percent of control specific binding obtained in the presence of compound. The IC₅₀ values (concentration causing a half-maximal inhibition of control specific binding) and Hill coefficients (nH) were determined by non-linear regression analysis of the competition curves using Hill equation curve fitting.

The inhibition constants (K_(i)) were calculated from the Cheng Prusoff equation (K_(i)=IC50/(1+(L/KD)), where L=concentration of radioligand in the assay, and KD=affinity of the radioligand for the receptor).

Functional Adenylyl Cyclase Assay

Membranes of human Hela cells stably expressing human 5-HT6 receptors were incubated for 20 min at 37° C. in HBSS, 1 mM MgCl2, 1 mM CaCl2, 100 MM IBMX, pH 7.4 in the presence and absence of test compounds. For agonistic effect, compounds were incubated alone. For antagonistic effects inhibition of 0.3 μM serotonin (5-HT)-induced cAMP increase was determined.

Evaluation: cAMP accumulation was determined by EIA quantification.

Dopamine D₃ Receptor:

The assay mixture (0.250 ml) was composed of membranes derived from ˜10⁶ HEK-293 cells possessing stably expressed human dopamine D₃ receptors, 0.1 nM [¹²⁵I]-iodosulpride and incubation buffer (total binding) or, in addition, test substance (inhibition curve) or 1 μM spiperone (nonspecific binding). Each assay mixture was run in triplicate.

The incubation buffer contained 50 mM tris, 120 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl₂, 2 mM MgCl₂ and 0.1% bovine serum albumin, 10 μM quinolone and 0.1% ascorbic acid (prepared fresh daily). The buffer was adjusted to pH 7.4 with HCl.

Dopamine D_(2L) Receptor:

The assay mixture (1 ml) was composed of membranes from ˜106 HEK-293 cells possessing stably expressed human dopamine D_(2L) receptors (long isoform) and 0.01 nM [¹²⁵I] iodospiperone and incubation buffer (total binding) or, in addition, test substance (inhibition curve) or 1 μM haloperidol (nonspecific binding). Each assay mixture was run in triplicate.

The incubation buffer contained 50 mM tris, 120 mM NaCl, 5 mM KCl, 2 mM CaCl₂, 2 mM MgCl₂ and 0.1% bovine serum albumin. The buffer was adjusted to pH 7.4 with HCl.

Measurement and Analysis:

After having been incubated at 25° C. for 60 minutes, the assay mixtures were filtered through a Whatman GF/B glass fiber filter under vacuum using a cell collecting device. The filters were transferred to scintillation viols using a filter transfer system. After 4 ml of Ultima Gold® (Packard) have been added, the samples were shaken for one hour and the radioactivity was then counted in a Beta-Counter (Packard, Tricarb 2000 or 2200CA). The cpm values were converted into dpm using a standard quench series and the program belonging to the instrument.

The inhibition curves were analyzed by means of iterative nonlinear regression analysis using the Statistical Analysis System (SAS) which is similar to the “LIGAND” program described by Munson and Rodbard.

The results of the receptor binding studies are expressed as receptor binding constants K_(i)(5HT₆), K_(i)(D₃) and K_(i)(D₂), respectively, as herein before described, and given in table 6.

In these tests, the compounds according to the invention exhibit very good affinities for the 5HT₆ receptor (<50 nM, or <10 nM, frequently <5 nM). Some of the compounds, in particular those having as 1,4-phenylene as group A, also exhibit very good affinities for the D₃ receptor (<50 nM, or <10 nM, frequently <5 nM) and bind selectively to the D₃ receptor, as compared to the affinity for the D₂ receptor.

The results of the binding tests are given in table 6.

TABLE 6 Example K_(i)(5HT₆)* [nM] K_(i)(D₃)* [nM] K_(i)(D₂)/K_(i)(D₃) 1 ++ 3 ++ +++ +++ 4 +++ ++ + 6 +++ 7 +++ 8 ++ 9 +++ 10 +++ 11 +++ 12 ++ 13 ++ 14 +++ 15 +++ 16 +++ 17 ++++ 18 +++ 19 +++ 20 ++++ 21 + 22 +++ 23 ++ 24 + 25 +++ 26 +++ 31 +++ 32 +++ 34 ++ 40 + 42 + 43 ++ 44 + 45 ++ 46 + 47 ++ 48 ++ 49 ++ 50 + 51 + 52 ++ 54 + 59 +++ +++ +++ 60 ++ ++++ + 61 ++ +++ ++ 62 +++ +++ ++++ 63 ++ 64 + 65 ++ 66 ++ ++++ +++ 67 +++ 69 ++ ++ +++ 70 +++ +++ ++ 71 +++ ++ + 73 ++ +++ ++ 74 +++ ++ ++ 75 ++ ++ + 76 +++ +++ +++ 77 +++ 78 +++ ++++ 86 ++ +++ ++ 90 +++ +++ ++++ 91 ++ 94 ++ 95 +++ ++ + 97 +++ ++ ++ 98 +++ ++ + 99 +++ + + 100 +++ ++ +++ 101 ++ 102 ++ ++ ++ 103 ++ + ++ 104 ++ *Receptor binding constants obtained according to the assays as described herein before Key: K_(i)(D₃)* and K_(i)(5HT₆)* K_(i)(D₂)*/K_(i)(D₃)* + between 50 and 150 nM between 10 and 50 ++ between 10 and 50 nM between 50 and 100 +++ between 1 and 10 nM between 100 and 150 ++++ <1 nM >150 Assay for Testing the Compatibility of Dopamine D₃ and 5HT₆ Receptor Ligands Microdialysis Studies

An increase in cholinergic function is widely believed to improve cognitive performance, an increase of cortical extracellular acetylcholine (ACh) can be regarded as a biochemical marker for potential pro-cognitive effects.

Therefore, microdialysis studies in freely moving rats were performed. The effects of 5-HT₆ receptor ligands, selective D₃ ligands or the combination of both principles, on acetylcholine release in the medial prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus has been investigated: one guide cannula was implanted into the medial prefrontal cortex (AP=2.5; ML=0.6; DV=−0.2) and the second into the hippocampus (AP=−5.5; ML=4.5; DV=−4.5). 5 to 7 days after surgery, 2 microdialysis probes (CMA/12, 3 mm membrane length) were slowly lowered into the final position. On the day of the experiment, the test compound or its vehicle (2 ml/kg) was administered intraperitoneally. Microdialysate fractions (six 20-min fractions before and six fractions after compound administration) were analyzed for acetylcholine by high performance liquid chromatography in combination with electrochemical detection (for methods see Fox et al., J. Phamacol. Exp. Ther. 2005, 313, 176 to 190 and detailed description below).

5-HT₆ receptor ligands and selective D₃ receptor ligands increased dose-dependently extracellular ACh levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus. The combination of both 5-HT₆ receptor ligands and D₃ receptor ligands resulted in an at least additive effect of both principles in the medial prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus, suggesting thus that the combination of both principles may offer a therapeutic benefit in CNS disorders characterized by impaired cognitive functions, including dementia and schizophrenia.

Furthermore, mixed D₃/5-HT₆ receptor ligands also increase microdialysate ACh levels in the medial prefrontal cortex and in the hippocampus. Based on dose comparisons, compounds combining D₃/5-HT₆ within the molecule are more potent in increasing cortical cholinergic function than “pure” D₃ receptor antagonists.

Microdialysis Experiments

Surgery

For pain prophylaxis, Rimadyl® (3 mg/kg, i.p.) was administered before surgery. Individual male Sprague-Dawley rats (290-320 g body weight) anesthetized with pentobarbital (60 mg/kg, i.p, Narcoren®, Rhone-Merieux GmbH, France) were mounted in a KOPF stereotaxic frame and two microdialysis guide cannula (CMA/12, Axel Semrau GmbH, Germany) were implanted into selected brain areas of the same animal: one guide cannula was implanted into the medial prefrontal cortex (AP=2.5; ML=0.6; DV=−0.2) and the second into the hippocampus (AP=−5.5; ML=4.5; DV=−4.5). The guide cannula were secured with dental cement (Technovit powder, Product No 5071, Technovit polymerization starter fluid, Product No 2060, Kulzer GmbH, Germany) and 4 anchor screws into the skull. The rats were allowed to recover from surgery for 5-7 days. The day before the experiment, each animal was transferred into a system allowing for free movement (CMA/120 Axel Semrau GmbH, Germany, consisting of a plastic bowl, wire attachment, counter-balance arm, swivel assembly connecting in-/outlet of the probe with the perfusion pump). Next, a CMA/12 microdialysis probe (3 mm membrane length) was slowly lowered into the final position. The probe was perfused with Ringer solution (147 mM NaCl, 4.0 mM KCl and 2.4 mM CaCl₂, containing 1 μM neostigmine), for about one hour (CMA/102 microdialysis pump, Axel Semrau GmbH, Germany; 1.5 μl/min). The probe was perfused again 24 hours later for at least 1 hour before microdialysate fractions were collected every 20 minutes. Six fractions before and six fractions after the intraperitoneally administration of the test compound or vehicle were analyzed for microdialysate levels of acetylcholine by HPLC with electrochemical detection.

Assay of Microdialysate Acetylcholine Levels

10 μl of each microdialysate fraction was injected onto a reversed phase column (MF-8908 Acetylcholine SepStik Kit; microbore column, particle size 10 μm, 530×1.0 mm coupled to an immobilized enzyme reactor 50×1.0 mm, particle size 10 μm, containing acetylcholinesterase and choline oxidase; BAS, U.S.A.) using a refrigerated autosampler (HTC PAL twin injector autosampler system, Axel Semrau, Germany). The mobile phase consisted of 50 mmol/l Na₂HPO₄ (pH 8.5) and 5 ml/l Kathon. Flow rate was 0.14 ml/min (Rheos Flux pump, Axel Semrau GmbH, Germany), and the sample run time was less than 15 minutes. Acetylcholine and choline were measured via an electrochemical detector (LC-4C, BAS, U.S.A.) with a platinum working electrode set at +500 mV versus an Ag/AgCl reference electrode. The system was calibrated by standard solutions (acetylcholine, choline) containing 1 pmol/10 μl injection. Acetylcholine was identified by its retention time and peak height with an external standard method using chromatography software (Chrom Perfect®, version 4.4.22, Justice Laboratory Software, U.S.A.).

Microdialysis (area under curve 0-120 min) data were evaluated for significance using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's pair-wise comparison post hoc test using GraphPad Prism v 4.0 software. 

We claim:
 1. A compound of the formula (I)

wherein n is 1; G is CH₂ or CHR³; R¹ is H, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl substituted by C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-alkenyl, formyl, acetyl, propionyl; R², R³ and R⁴ are, independently of each other, H, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; A is 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene, which is optionally substituted by one, two, three or four substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkoxy; E is NR⁵ or CH₂, wherein R⁵ is H or C₁-C₃-alkyl; Ar is a radical of the formula A, B, C, D, or E

wherein R^(a) is halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₂-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated C₂-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, where the phenyl radical in the 3 last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, and O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy or may form, together with N, a 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated ring, or is a saturated or unsaturated aromatic or non-aromatic 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S, and/or 1, 2 or 3 heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl or fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkylcarbonyl, SO, SO₂, or CO, and where the heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, and C₁-C₆-alkoxy; R^(b) and R^(c), independently of each other, are H, CH₃, OCH₃, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃, or OCF₃; with the proviso that R^(a) is not F, CH₂F, CHF₂, CF₃ or OCF₃ if A is 1,4-phenylene, and R^(b) and R^(c) are H; and physiologically tolerated acid addition salts thereof.
 2. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein R¹ is hydrogen, methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, 2-fluoroethyl, 3-fluoropropyl, 3-hydroxypropyl, cyclopropylmethyl, or allyl.
 3. The compound as claimed in claim 2, wherein R¹ is hydrogen, n-propyl or allyl.
 4. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein R², R³ and R⁴ are H.
 5. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein E is NH.
 6. A compound of the formula (I)

wherein n is 1; G is CH₂ or CHR³; R¹ is H, C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkyl substituted by C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₃-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-alkenyl, formyl, acetyl, or propionyl; R², R³ and R⁴ are, independently of each other, H, methyl, fluoromethyl, difluoromethyl, or trifluoromethyl; A is 1,4-phenylene or 1,3-phenylene, which is optionally substituted by one, two, three or four substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkoxy; E is NR⁵ or CH₂, wherein R⁵ is H or C₁-C₃-alkyl; Ar is a radical of the formula A, B, C, D, or E wherein R^(a) is selected from radicals of the formula R^(a′)

wherein Y is N, CH or CF, R^(a1) and R^(a2) are independently of each other selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₂-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₂-alkyl and C₁-C₂-alkoxy, provided for Y being CH or CF one of the radicals R^(a1) or R^(a2) may also be hydrogen or fluorine, or R^(a1) and R^(a2) together form a radical (CH₂)_(m) wherein 1 or 2 of the hydrogen atoms may be replaced by fluorine, hydroxy, C₁-C₂-alkyl or C₁-C₂-alkoxy, wherein one CH₂ moiety may be replaced by O, S, SO, SO₂ or NR^(c), wherein R^(d) is H or C₁-C₂-alkyl, and wherein m is 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6; R^(b) and R^(c), independently of each other, are H, CH₃, OCH₃, CHF₂, OCHF₂, CF₃, or OCF₃; and physiologically tolerated acid addition salts thereof.
 7. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein the radical R^(a) is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, or a saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3 heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is as defined in claim 1, SO, SO₂ and CO, and where the heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₁-C₆-alkoxy.
 8. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein the absolute configuration at the carbon atom carrying the group A is (S).
 9. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein A is 1,3-phenylene, which is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkoxy.
 10. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein A is 1,4-phenylene which is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkoxy.
 11. The compound as claimed in claim 10, wherein R^(a) is C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkyl, C₁-C₆-alkenyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkenyl, C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, fluorinated C₃-C₆-cycloalkyl, C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-hydroxyalkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkoxy-C₁-C₆-alkoxy, C₁-C₆-alkylthio, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylthio, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfinyl, C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylsulfonyl, phenylsulfonyl, benzyloxy, phenoxy, where the phenyl radical in the 3 last-mentioned radicals may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl and halogen, CN, nitro, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonyl, C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkylcarbonylamino, carboxy, NH—C(O)—NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷, NR⁶R⁷—C₁-C₆-alkylene, and O—NR⁶R⁷, where R⁶ and R⁷ are, independently of each other, H, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl or C₁-C₄-alkoxy or may form, together with N, a 4-, 5- or 6-membered saturated or unsaturated ring, or is a saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprising as ring members 1, 2, 3 or 4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O and S and/or 1, 2 or 3 heteroatom-containing groups selected from NR⁸, where R⁸ is as defined in claim 1, SO, SO₂, and CO, and where the heterocyclic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of hydroxy, halogen, C₁-C₆-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₆-alkyl and C₁-C₆-alkoxy.
 12. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein the saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring R^(a) is selected from the group consisting of azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxopyrrolidinyl, oxo-oxazolidinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, 1-oxothiomorpholinyl, 1,1-dioxothiomorpholinyl, pyrrolyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl, triazolyl, oxadiazolyl, furazanyl, thiadiazolyl, and tetrazolyl, where the heterocyclic radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy and hydroxy.
 13. The compound as claimed in claim 12, wherein the saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring R^(a) is selected from the group consisting of azetidinyl, pyrrolidinyl, oxopyrrolidinyl, oxo-oxazolidinyl, piperidinyl, morpholinyl, furanyl, thienyl, pyrazolyl, oxazolyl, isoxazolyl, thiazolyl, isothiazolyl and thiadiazolyl, where the heterocyclic radical may be unsubstituted or may carry 1 to 3 substituents selected from the group consisting of halogen and C₁-C₄-alkyl.
 14. The compound as claimed in any of claim 12 or 13, wherein the saturated or unsaturated 3- to 7-membered heterocyclic ring comprises as ring member at least one nitrogen atom or at least one group NR⁸.
 15. The compound as claimed in claim 1, wherein R^(a) is selected from the group consisting of halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, CN, a 5-membered heteroaromatic ring comprising as ring members one nitrogen atom or one group NR⁸, where R⁸ is H or C₁-C₄-alkyl, and optionally one or two further heteroatoms selected from N, O, S, and where the heteroaromatic ring may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy and hydroxy, and a 5- or 6-membered saturated heterocyclic ring bound via a nitrogen atom optionally containing, apart this nitrogen atom one further heteroatom or heteroatom-containing group selected from O and NR⁸, where R⁸ is H or C₁-C₄-alkyl, where the heterocyclic radical may carry 1, 2 or 3 substituents selected from halogen, C₁-C₄-alkyl, fluorinated C₁-C₄-alkyl, C₁-C₄-alkoxy and hydroxy.
 16. A pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one compound as claimed in claim 1, optionally together with at least one physiologically acceptable carrier or auxiliary substance.
 17. A method for treating a medical disorder susceptible to treatment with a 5-HT₆ receptor ligand, said method comprising administering an effective amount of at least one compound as claimed in claim 1 to an individual having said medical disorder wherein said medical disorder is a cognitive dysfunction associated with Alzheimer's disease or schizophrenia. 